长三角地区科技型中小企业发展的时空格局及其影响因素  

Spatio-temporal Pattern and Influencing Factors of Technology-based Small and Medium-sized Technology-based Enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：黄金川[1,2,3] 刘艺琳 HUANG Jinchuan;LIU Yilin(Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《经济地理》2024年第9期111-122,共12页Economic Geography

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA19040501);国家自然科学基金项目(41690145)。

摘　　要：文章基于长三角地区科技型中小企业的微观数据,运用核密度、平均最近邻指数、局域热点分析等方法揭示了企业数量变化和空间集聚演变特征,并采用ZINB回归模型进一步识别其微观集聚的影响因素。研究发现:①2001—2023年长三角地区科技型中小企业经历了由数量增长到结构优化的发展阶段,对应企业城市分布的“中心—外围”结构不断凸显。②长三角地区科技型中小企业总体形成“一体三带多核心”的空间集聚格局:以上海大都市圈为高密度集聚区;以沿江、沿海、沿沪杭金为3条高密度发展轴带;以上海、南京、合肥、杭州为主要核心,以苏州、无锡、常州、宁波、温州、蚌埠等为次要核心,其他城市为重要支撑点。③制造业高值集聚区由环太湖、环杭州湾区域向北向西扩展,科技服务业由中心城市向周边蔓延,信息类服务业则持续向心集聚。④要素环境、支持服务环境、基础设施环境、政务环境、市场环境均是科技型中小企业布局的重要影响因素。前两者作为系统条件,其行业异质性更为明显;后三者作为框架条件普遍影响企业数量规模而不是行业构成。研究结论为科技创业生态系统建设、优化科技企业布局提供参考。Based on micro data of small and medium-sized technology-based enterprises(SMTEs),this article used GIS spatial analysis methods such as kernel density,average nearest neighbor index and local hotspot analysis to explore the spatio-temporal pattern and the spatial agglomeration characteristics of SMTEs in the Yangtze River Delta.It uses the ZINB regression model to identify the influencing factors of micro agglomeration of enterprises.The conclusions are drawn as follows:1)From 2001 to 2023,SMTEs in the Yangtze River Delta experienced a development stage from quantity growth to structural optimization,with the corresponding"core-periphery"structure of enterprise distribution becoming increasingly prominent in urban area.2)The SMTEs have formed a spatial distribution pattern of"one core,three belts,and multiple sub-cores"."One core"refers to the high-density agglomeration areas with the Shanghai metropolitan area as the core area."Three belts"refer to axial agglomeration areas along the Yangtze River,coastal region and Shanghai-Hangzhou-Jinhua."Multiple cores"refer to important support cities,such as Shanghai,Nanjing,Hefei,Hangzhou,Suzhou,Ningbo,Bengbu,etc.3)The high-value agglomeration areas of manufacturing industry have expanded from the area around the Taihu Lake Lake and Hangzhou Bay to the north and west of the Yangtze River Delta.SMTEs of the science and technology service industry have spread from the central city to the surrounding area,and SMTEs of the information service industry have continued to gather in the center.4)The factor environment,support service environment,infrastructure environment,government environment,and market environment are all important influencing factors for the layout of SMTEs.The industry heterogeneity of the internal elements of the first two as system conditions is more pronounced.The latter three factors,as framework conditions,generally affect the quantity and scale of enterprises rather than industry composition.This article provides reference for the construction of tech

关 键 词：科技型中小企业 制造业 科技服务业 信息服务业 空间集聚 要素环境 长三角地区 

分 类 号：K902[历史地理—人文地理学]