南方低质低效人工林质量改善与生态服务提升技术研究前瞻  

Technologies for improving the qualities and ecological services of low-quality and low-efficiency plantations in southern China

作　　者：漆良华 田慧敏 王辉民[3] 潘磊[4] 姜姜[5] 程金花[6] 石雷 彭智华 QI Lianghua;TIAN Huimin;WANG Huimin;PAN Lei;JIANG Jiang;CHENG Jinhua;SHI Lei;PENG Zhihua(International Center for Bamboo and Rattan,100102,Beijing,China;Guandong Guangning National Observatory of Bamboo Forest Ecosystem,526300,Guangning,Guangdong,China;Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resource Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,100101,Beijing,China;Hubei Academy of Forest,430075,Wuhan,China;Nanjing Forestry University,210037,Nanjing,China;Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,北京100102 [2]广东广宁竹林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广东广宁526300 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]湖北省林业科学研究院,武汉430075 [5]南京林业大学,南京210037 [6]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2024年第5期1-8,共8页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“南方低质低效人工林质量改善与生态服务提升技术”(2023YFF1304400)。

摘　　要：南方低山丘陵区是我国“三区四带”生态安全屏障建设的重要区域,是我国南方低质低效人工林的主要集中分布区,长期存在水土流失、生态服务能力低、系统稳定性差等突出问题。针对南方低质低效人工林生态系统服务分布格局、演变特征及对气候变化的响应,人工林群落结构-土壤质量-生态服务耦合机制,低质低效人工林质量与生态系统服务多目标决策优化算法与路径等关键科学问题,选取长汀、南宁、赣州、黄冈、黄山为典型示范区,开展国家重点研发计划活动。以南方低质低效人工林生态系统服务分布格局及退化机制为主线,从基础理论研究、技术模式研发和集成优化示范等3个层面开展生态服务提升与示范研究,重点破解适用于杉木、马尾松、毛竹等典型人工林的群落结构优化、林下植被功能群诱导恢复、土壤生境修复等关键技术瓶颈,构建低质低效人工林提质增效智慧决策平台,为改善南方低质低效人工林质量和提升生态系统服务提供理论和技术支撑。[Background]The southern hilly area is an important area for the construction of“three zones and four zones”ecological security barrier and the main concentrated distribution area of low-quality and low-efficiency plantation in southern China,which have long-term outstanding problems such as soil erosion,low ecological service capacity and poor system stability.[Methods]In view of the distribution pattern,evolution characteristics and response to climate change,community structure-soil quality-ecological services coupling mechanism,and multi-objective decision optimization algorithm and path of low-quality and low-efficiency plantation in southern China,the research team selected Changting,Nanning,Ganzhou,Huanggang,and Huangshan city as typical demonstration areas to carry out the“National Key R&D Program of China”.The main line of this research is distribution pattern and degradation mechanism of low-quality and low-efficiency plantation ecosystem service,and ecological service improvement and demonstration research should be carried out from three levels.[Results]1)Clarify the spatial and temporal pattern,evolution characteristics,degradation mechanism,the response of community structure and ecosystem services to climate change of typical plantation ecosystem services such as Cunninghamia lanceolata,Pinus massoniana and Moso bamboo in the southern China,and propose the coordinated improvement.2)Select functional native tree species with high water utilization rate and strong carbon fixation ability,research technologies such as needle and broad-leaved layer mixing,bamboo forest full-time life-cycle operation and so on,and forming low-quality and low-efficiency plantation community structure optimization and carbon fixation increase synergistic improvement technology and mode.3)Study the technologies of understory vegetation function group construction,biodiversity improvement,understory vegetation renewal,and culvert soil conservation function improvement,and construct the technology and mode of coordin

关 键 词：低质低效人工林 质量改善 生态服务 提升路径 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学]