基于生态安全格局的国土空间生态保护修复重点区域识别——以海城市为例  

Identification of key areas for ecological protection and restoration in territorial space based on ecological security pattern:A case study in Haicheng city

作　　者：白自龙 王世东[1] 范沁河 张合兵[1] BAI Zilong;WANG Shidong;FAN Qinhe;ZHANG Hebing(School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,454003,Jiaozuo,Henan,China;The Second Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Survey of Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development,450001,Zhengzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院,河南焦作454003 [2]河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质矿产调查院,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2024年第5期179-188,共10页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河南省科技厅“河南省科技攻关重点项目”(222102320005);河南省教育厅“河南省高等学校重点科研项目”(22A420002));河南省自然资源厅“河南省国土资源科研项目”(豫财招标采购-2019-379-7,豫政采(2)20190450-7)。

摘　　要：生态修复是维护国家生态安全的重要保障。科学、合理地识别重点生态修复区域是当前国土空间规划面临的难题。以辽宁省海城市为例,以遥感手段获取的海城市2020年土地利用数据、数字高程数据等为基础,综合运用MSPA景观格局分析、InVEST生境质量评价进行初步生态源地的选取,再叠加海城市自然保护区数据确定最终的生态源地。运用电路理论和MCR模型识别生态廊道及生态夹点、生态断裂点、生态障碍点与破碎生态空间。将电路理论融入到生态网络的建设中,能够更科学、合理地识别得到海城市生态保护修复重点区域。结果显示:1)海城市生态源地总面积面积485.89 km^(2);识别源间生态廊道73条,总计长度394.81 km,生态源地与生态廊道共同构成海城市生态安全格局。2)基于生态安全格局识别海城市生态保护修复重点区域,识别出生态夹点区域29处,总计长度达到71.63 km;生态障碍点16处,面积39.70 km^(2);生态断裂点34处;待修复破碎空间总计40.78 km^(2)。3)结合各类生态保护修复重点区域的空间分布特征、土地利用现状进行分析,分别提出不同生态保护修复重点区域下的具体修复方针,加强区域水土流失治理。研究结果可为海城市生态保护修复工作提供参考,以期达到生态系统良性发展的目的。[Background]Ecological restoration is an important guarantee to maintain national ecological security.Scientific and reasonable identification of key ecological restoration areas is a difficult issue in current territorial spatial planning,and this study took Haicheng city of Liaoning province as an example while combined GIS and remote sensing technology,the key areas of ecological restoration in Haicheng were identified and specific restoration measures were proposed,aiming to strengthen the construction of ecological security and soil and water conservation and other related control measures in Haicheng again.[Methods]Under the guidance of the idea of overall protection and system governance,based on the connectivity of ecological landscape and supported by the paradigm of“source selection-corridor identification-node determination”.and comprehensive use of MSPA landscape pattern analysis,the habitat quality assessment and nature reserves was to select ecological sources,and circuit theory and MCR model were used to identify ecological corridors,build a regional ecological security pattern,and finally determine the spatial distribution of key areas of ecological restoration in Haicheng,including ecological pinch points to be repaired,ecological barrier points to be repaired,ecological breaking points to be repaired and broken ecological land.[Results]1)The ecological source area of Haicheng is 486.89 km^(2),which is mainly woodland and water area,and the ecological corridors between sources are mainly river patterns,and 73 ecological corridors between sources are identified,with a total length of 394.81 km.2)Based on the ecological security pattern to identify the key areas of ecological restoration in Haicheng city,29 ecological pinch points with a total length of 71.63 km,16 ecological barrier points with an area of 39.70 km^(2),34 ecological breaking points and a total 40.78 km^(2)of broken ecological land to be repaired are identified.3)Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics

关 键 词：生态修复 电路理论 生态廊道 生态安全格局 海城市 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]