纳米铝热剂的制备及老化研究进展  

Research Progress on the Preparation and Aging of Nanothermites

作　　者：王倩[1,2,3] 李福伟 任冬梅 刘小宝 许建兵 叶迎华[1,2,3] 沈瑞琪 WANG Qian;LI Fuwei;REN Dongmei;LIU Xiaobao;XU Jianbing;YE Yinghua;SHEN Ruiqi(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Institute of Space Propulsion,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Micro-Nano Energetic Devices Key Laboratory of MIIT,Nanjing 210094,China;NJUST Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,南京210094 [2]南京理工大学空间推进技术研究所,南京210094 [3]微纳含能器件工业和信息化部重点实验室,南京210094 [4]南京理工科技化工有限责任公司,南京210094

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2024年第10期1-15,共15页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(22275092,52372084);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(30923010920)。

摘　　要：纳米铝热剂含能材料因其比表面积大、体积能量密度高、高反应速率等特点,在各领域中得到广泛应用。为了使纳米铝热剂组分之间混合均匀以及性能改变,产生了多种形式的制备方法。随着纳米铝热剂的应用多样化,它在长期储存过程中的贮存性能有待进一步观察,防止其在环境或其他应力条件下失效或者意外发火。因此,开展对纳米铝热剂的制备方法以及在存储过程中的老化性能研究非常有必要。本文综述了纳米铝热剂的制备方法和老化研究,并总结了制备方法的优缺点和老化研究的方法、性能评估、机理研究和抑制措施,以期望对纳米铝热剂的应用具有借鉴意义,并在此基础上进一步优化纳米铝热剂的制备方法、老化研究。Nanothermites energetic materials have been widely used in various fields due to their large specific surface area,high volume energy density,and high reaction rate.In order to achieve uniform mixing and performance changes among the components of nanothermites,various forms of preparation methods have been developed.With the diversification of applications of nanothermites,their storage performance during long-term storage needs further observation to prevent their failure or accidental ignition under environmental or other stress conditions.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct research on the preparation methods and aging performance of nanothermites during storage.Preparation methods and aging research of nanothermites are summarized,including advantages and disadvantages of preparation methods,aging methods,performance evaluation,mechanism research,and inhibition measures of aging research,so as to provide reference for the application of nanothermite and further optimize the preparation methods and aging research.

关 键 词：纳米铝热剂 含能材料 制备方法 老化研究 抑制老化 

分 类 号：TJ450[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]