高温环境下烧蚀热防护结构隔热性能测试方法  

Test Method of Thermal Insulation Performance for Ablative Thermal Protection Structureunder High Temperature Environment

作　　者：张婕[1] 吴敬涛[1] 刘宁夫 陈宏 李昕昕 高哲 ZHANG Jie;WU Jingtao;LIU Ningfu;CHEN Hong;LI Xinxin;GAO Zhe(National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国飞机强度研究所强度与结构完整性全国重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2024年第10期62-69,共8页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12090034)。

摘　　要：目的建立高精度的烧蚀热防护结构隔热性能测试方法。方法分析烧蚀热防护结构地面热试验特点,设计烧蚀热防护结构隔热性能试验方案,提出考虑地面热损失的高精度热载荷模拟方法。采用自研模块化石英灯加热器作为加热装置,设计可重复使用夹具封装试验件和热流计,建立烧蚀热防护结构隔热性能测试装置。结果成功完成了典型烧蚀热防护结构隔热性能考核试验,获得了结构在瞬态和稳态热流条件下的背温数据,试验装置运行稳定可靠,可有效消除热边界效应,保证热流长时测控。试验结果验证了试验边界条件模拟的可重复性、热场均匀性以及良好的控制精度。结论有效解决了烧蚀热防护结构受热后产生明火、浓烟而导致的高温环境模拟难题,为烧蚀热防护结构材料筛选及结构定尺寸设计提供了高精度测试方法。The work aims toestablish ahigh-precision test method for evaluating the thermal insulation performance of the ablative thermal protection structure.The characteristics of ground thermal test for ablative thermal protection were analyzed.The test program for the thermal insulation performance of the ablative thermal protection was designed and thehigh-precision thermal load simulation method considering heat loss in the ground test was proposed.The test device of ablative thermal protection structure was established in which quartz lamp radiation heater was used to simulate thermal environment and a reusable packaging fixture was used to install test piece and heat flux gage.Thermal protection performance tests for typical ablative structures were successfully completed.The backside temperature was obtained at steady state and transient state.The test device ran stably and reliably which could effectively eliminate thermal boundary effect and ensure heat flux measuring and controlling for long time.The simulationrepeatability and thermal field uniformity and control precisionwere verified by the test results. The simulation problem caused by fire and smoke when heating ablative thermal protection structures issolved, whichprovides high-precision test method for material screening and structural sizing of ablative thermal protection structures.

关 键 词：高超声速飞行器 烧蚀热防护 隔热性能 辐射加热 温度 热流 

分 类 号：V216.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]