祁连山南坡不同海拔高度土壤真菌群落结构特征  

Structural characteristics of soil fungal communities at different altitudes on the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：吴昊坤 戢爽 邱巡巡 杜少波 谢惠春 WU Haokun;JI Shuang;QIU Xunxun;DU Shaobo;XIE Huichun(College of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China;College of Geographical Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China;Qinghai ForestEcosystem Observation and Research Station in the Southern Qilian Mountains,Huzhu,Qinghai 810500,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁810008 [4]青海祁连山南坡森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,青海互助810500

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2024年第6期571-580,共10页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室项目(2020-YJ-Y40)。

摘　　要：土壤真菌在森林生态系统的养分循环和能量流动方面发挥着重要作用,为探究海拔高度对土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响,揭示土壤真菌群落的海拔分布格局,以青海北山林场5个海拔高度(2400、2500、2600、2700、2800 m)表层土壤为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术分析真菌群落的多样性和丰富度,探讨土壤真菌群落结构组成的主要影响因素。结果表明,5个海拔高度土壤真菌共有15门59纲144目302科633属。在门分类上,主要的优势真菌群落有子囊菌门、担子菌门以及被孢霉门。土壤真菌群落丰富度指数(Ace、Chao指数)和多样性指数(Shannon指数)总体上随着海拔的上升呈增大的趋势;土壤有机碳含量、含水率和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性随着海拔的上升呈升高的趋势,脲酶活性随着海拔的升高先下降再升高再下降。冗余分析表明,土壤理化性质和酶活性共同解释了真菌群落变异的81.23%,土壤硝态氮含量、全磷含量和pH值是土壤真菌群落丰富度差异的主要影响因素。Soil fungi play important roles in nutrient cycling and energy flow in forest ecosystems.To investigate the impact of altitude on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity and to reveal the altitudinal distribution pattern of soil fungal communities,this study focused on surface soil at different altitudes(2400,2500,2600,2700,2800 m)in the Beishan Forest Farm,Qinghai Province.High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the diversity and richness of fungal communities and explore the main factors influencing the soil fungal community structure.Fifteen phyla,59 classes,144 orders,302 families,and 633 genera of soil fungi were discovered across the five altitudes.At the phylum level,the dominant fungal communities were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,and Mortierellomycota.The richness index(Ace,Chao index)and diversity index(Shannon index)of soil fungal communities generally increase with altitude.The soil organic carbon content,moisture content,andα-glucosidase activity increase with altitude.The urease activity first decreases,then increases,and then decreases with altitude.Redundancy analysis showed that soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity jointly explained 81.23%of fungal community variation,and soil nitrate nitrogen content,total phosphorus content,and pH value were the main influencing factors of soil fungal community richness differences.

关 键 词：北山林场 海拔 真菌群落 土壤理化性质 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]