公私法协同视域下专利法对科技法的价值取向融合  

Integration of Value Orientations of Patent Law into Science and Technology Law from the Perspective of Public-Private Law Coordination

作　　者：刘友华[1] 高卓锐 Liu Youhua;Gao Zhuorui(School of Intellectual Property,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学知识产权学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2024年第21期98-107,共10页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BFX099)。

摘　　要：开展促进科技成果转化公法改革的同时,为促进民事主体高效协同,专利法需要融合科技法的价值取向。专利法作为私法,其与科技法呈现出相对独立的状态。因此,在科技成果转化私法路径中,应将“科技成果所有权”等科技法概念通过“专利权”等具有稳定内涵的私法概念予以衔接。借助专利法“以公开换取保护”的市场激励功能,通过许可、转让等方式促进科技成果流转与实施,进一步发挥专利法的私法功能,提升科技成果转化效率。在具体规范上,通过职务发明制度的利益倾斜配置机制,衔接公法赋权改革理念;完善专利共有制度,使“科技成果混合所有”在专利权按份共有框架下实现权益合理分割;激发开放许可的私法功能,降低科技成果实施交易成本。In recent years,China has further advanced its science and technology innovation system,continually enhancing the allocation of innovative resources.The right to autonomously manage and utilize scientific and technological achievements has progressively transitioned from the realm of administrative management to a market-oriented track.This shift aims to empower state-owned institutions to undertake the transformation of these achievements as civil entities.However,the outcomes of this transformation are still far from satisfactory.The public law empowerment reform introduced a property rights incentive mechanism,granting researchers ownership of their scientific and technological achievements prior to their transformation,thereby attempting to foster the conversion of these achievements from the perspective of public-private collaboration.Nonetheless,in this process,patent law,as a form of private law,has not been harmoniously integrated,which has hindered the efficient transformation of scientific and technological achievements.Most research on the issues surrounding the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the empowerment reform attributes these challenges to the autonomy restrictions faced by state-owned units in asset management.Scholars have proposed to align asset management systems with policies designed to incentivize the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.However,the critical role of patent law in enhancing the efficiency of this transformation process is ignored.In this context,discussing the value integration and coordination pathways between patent law and science and technology law holds significant theoretical and practical importance.This paper commences with an exploration of the coordination between patent law as private law and the empowerment reform within the public law framework.Utilizing normative research methodologies and legislative purpose interpretation,it seeks to further integrate the value orientation of science and technology law i

关 键 词：赋权改革 科技成果所有权 职务发明 开放许可 介入权 

分 类 号：D922.17[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]