多功能红外隐身材料的设计及应用  

Design and Application of Multifunctional Infrared Stealth Materials

作　　者：于思珂 鲍艳 高璐 张文博 Sike Yu;Yan Bao;Lu Gao;Wenbo Zhang(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering(College of Flexible Electronics),Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Light Chemical Engineering,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院(柔性电子学院),西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心,西安710021

出　　处：《化学进展》2024年第9期1349-1362,共14页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.22378253,22078188);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(No.2024JC-YBMS-122);咸阳市科技计划项目(No.2021ZDZX-GY-0007)资助。

摘　　要：红外探测设备的高速发展对军事设备造成了巨大的威胁,红外隐身技术是提升军事设备生存、打击和突围能力的重要途径,在国防工业的发展中起着至关重要的作用。然而,战场环境复杂多变,仅具有红外隐身性能的材料在面临雷达探测、雨林、山地、海洋、沙漠等环境时难以满足实际需求。因此,开发多功能红外隐身材料势在必行。本文从红外隐身材料的机理出发,综述了不同红外隐身材料的研究进展,如低发射率材料、温度控制材料、可变发射率材料以及协同工作模式材料,讨论了不同红外隐身材料的调控手段;其次,重点介绍了适用于不同场景的多功能红外隐身材料,例如,多波段隐身、电磁屏蔽、抗菌防水、耐高温、防腐蚀以及阻燃性能的红外隐身材料,并对其设计机理进行了探讨;最后,对多功能红外隐身材料在未来的发展趋势进行了总结与展望。The rapid development of infrared detection equipment has caused a huge threat to military equipment.And infrared stealth technology is an important way to improve the survival,strike and breakthrough capabilities of military equipment,and plays a vital role in the development of the national defense industry.However,the battlefield environment is complex and changeable,and materials with only infrared stealth performance are difficult to meet the actual needs when facing radar detection,rainforest,mountain,ocean,desert and other environments.Therefore,it is imperative to develop multifunctional infrared stealth materials.In this paper,the latest research progress of different infrared stealth materials is reviewed from the perspective of the mechanism of infrared stealth materials,such as low emissivity materials,temperature control materials,variable emissivity materials and cooperative working mode materials,and the control methods of different infrared stealth materials are discussed.Secondly,the multi-functional infrared stealth materials suitable for different application scenarios,such as multi-band stealth,electromagnetic shielding,antibacterial and waterproof,high temperature resistance,anti-corrosion and flame retardant infrared stealth materials,and their design mechanisms are discussed.Finally,the future development of multifunctional infrared stealth materials is summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：红外隐身 多功能 动态自适应材料 协同工作模式材料 多波段兼容隐身 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]