双金属催化剂在对硝基苯酚加氢还原中的研究进展  

Research progress on bimetallic catalysts in 4⁃nitrophenol hydrogenation reduction

作　　者：张骁鑫 许雯 孙辉 张杰 石磊 张书 张红 ZHANG Xiaoxin;XU Wen;SUN Hui;ZHANG Jie;SHI Lei;ZHANG Shu;ZHANG Hong(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期479-489,共11页Journal of Nanjing Tech University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国际科技创新合作重点项目(2018YFE0183600)。

摘　　要：随着人类社会的快速发展,大量含有硝基芳烃化合物的工业废水存在非合规性排放现象,对生态环境和人类健康造成巨大危害。其中,被美国环境保护局列为“优先控制污染物”的对硝基苯酚(4-NP),具有毒性大、稳定性高、致病性强等特点,因此开发高效的4-NP去除技术迫在眉睫。利用硼氢化钠作为还原剂的催化加氢路径,可将4-NP转化为低毒性和具有高附加值的对氨基苯酚,具有诱人的应用前景。为了实现4-NP的高效转化,设计构建合适的催化剂(如金属、金属氧化物和碳基纳米材料)必不可少,其中双金属催化剂因其独特的物化特性受到了广泛关注。围绕高性能、低成本和优异稳定性催化剂的设计制备,对双金属催化剂在4-NP加氢还原中的应用进行了归纳和总结。重点讨论了不同金属组分间的协同催化效应,详细剖析了催化材料在4-NP加氢还原过程中的作用机制,同时探讨了催化剂结构和性能间的构效关系,展望了该领域存在的问题以及今后发展趋势。With the rapid development of human society,the improper discharge of industrial wastewater containing nitroaromatic compounds has posed a huge threat to the ecological environment and human health.Among these compounds,4-nitrophenol(4-NP),listed as a“priority pollutant”by the United States Environmental Protection Agency,is characterized by high toxicity,stability,and strong pathogenicity.Therefore,it is urgent to develop efficient removal techniques for the removal of 4-NP.The catalytic hydrogenation pathway,using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent,can convert 4-NP into p-aminophenol,a compound with low toxicity and high added value,showing promising application prospects.To achieve efficient conversion of 4-NP,the design and construction of suitable catalysts(e.g.,metal,metal-oxide,and carbon-based nanomaterials)are essential.Among these,bimetallic catalysts attract extensive attention due to their unique physicochemical properties.This study summarizes and reviews the application of bimetallic catalysts in the hydrogenation reduction of 4-NP,focusing on the design and preparation of catalysts with high performance,low cost,and excellent stability.The synergistic catalytic effects between different metal components are mainly discussed,along with an in-depth analysis of the role of catalytic materials in the hydrogenation reduction of 4-NP.Additionally,the structure-performance relationships of the catalysts are explored and the existing challenges and future development trends in this field are also discussed.

关 键 词：双金属催化剂 对硝基苯酚 催化加氢 环境修复 污染物去除 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ426[化学工程]