临床医学硕士专业学位研究生导师“职业倦怠-工作投入连续体”现状  

The"burnout-engagement continuum"status of postgraduate supervisors of the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine

作　　者：朱泉熔 王俊人 贾金忠 刘梦荃[1] 严琪 朱睿 温明月 林皇涛 王志锋 Zhu Quanrong;Wang Junren;Jia Jinzhong;Liu Mengquan;Yan Qi;Zhu Rui;Wen Mingyue;Lin Huangtao;Wang Zhifeng(Department of Health Policy and Management,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Student Office,School of Medical Humanities,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Branch Society Secretariat Office,Graduate School of Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China;Peking University Medical Degree and Graduate Education Research Center,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Preventive Medicine,School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Center for Health Policy and Technology Assessment,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理学系,北京100191 [2]北京大学医学人文学院学生办公室,北京100191 [3]北京大学研究生院医学部分院学会秘书处办公室,北京100191 [4]北京大学医学学位与研究生教育研究中心,北京100191 [5]石河子大学医学院预防医学系,石河子832003 [6]北京大学医学部卫生政策与技术评估中心,北京100191

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2024年第9期1169-1175,共7页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：中国研究生院院长联席会2022年研究生教育课题立项资助项目(ACGS04-2022008)。

摘　　要：目的掌握临床医学硕士专业学位研究生(简称“临床专硕”)导师的“职业倦怠-工作投入连续体”现状并识别重点人群。方法2023年10至11月,对临床专硕导师进行匿名网络问卷调查,明确导师“职业倦怠-工作投入连续体”现状。通过(均数±标准差)描述不同维度职业倦怠得分,采用频数和构成比描述不同状态导师分布。使用R 4.3.1软件进行卡方检验分析不同类型导师5种状态分布的差异,并采用Bonferroni法进行组间两两比较。结果共收集到2664份有效问卷。临床专硕导师情绪衰竭、玩世不恭和个人成就感维度得分依次为(2.46±0.95)、(1.74±0.89)和(4.23±0.90)。临床专硕导师处于“职业倦怠-工作投入连续体”中工作投入、低效、过度劳累、淡漠、倦怠状态的占比依次为42.76%(1139/2664)、43.54%(1160/2664)、33.03%(880/2664)、14.71%(392/2664)、13.66%(364/2664)。人口学特征上,“职业倦怠-工作投入连续体”在年龄、性别、婚姻状况、最高学历方面的分布有差异(P<0.05)。工作相关特征上,“职业倦怠-工作投入连续体”在相对收入、职称、是否承担行政职务、工作日和节假日工作时长方面的分布有差异(P<0.05)。地区特征上,工作投入、低效、过度劳累状态在东、西部地区的分布有差异(P<0.05)。结论临床专硕导师倦怠状态占比较高,低效状态是常见的消极状态,西部地区、45岁以下、男性、已婚、博士学位、副高级职称、相对收入低、不担任行政职务、工作日工作10 h以上、节假日工作4 h以上者是重点关注人群,可通过提供更多资源、工作福利及强化激励措施等改善导师状态。Objective To investigate the"burnout-engagement continuum"status of postgraduate supervisors of the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine and to identify key populations.Methods From October to November 2023,an anonymous online questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the"burnout-engagement continuum"status of postgraduate supervisors of the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine.The scores of different dimensions of job burnout are expressed as mean±standard deviation,and the distribution of supervisors of different status is presented in frequency and percentage.All data analyses were performed in R 4.3.1.Distribution of the five profiles among supervisors of different status was compared using the chi-square test and compared pairwise using the Bonferroni method.Results A total of 2664 valid questionnaires were collected.The scores of emotional exhaustion,cynicism and personal accomplishment were(2.46±0.95),(1.74±0.89),and(4.23±0.90),respectively.The prevalence of job engagement,inefficacy,overexertion,disengagement,and burnout among the supervisors were 42.76%(1139/2664),43.54%(1160/2664),33.03%(880/2664),14.71%(392/2664),and 13.66%(364/2664),respectively.In terms of demographics,the distribution of the"burnout-engagement continuum"was significantly different by age,sex,marital status,and highest education level(P<0.05).In terms of work-related characteristics,the distribution of the"burnout-engagement continuum"was significantly different by income,professional title,administrative position,and working hours on weekdays and holidays(P<0.05).The distribution of engagement,inefficacy,and overexertion was significantly different between the eastern and western regions(P<0.05).Conclusions There is a high percentage of individuals with burnout among postgraduate supervisors of the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine,and inefficacy is a common negative state.Supervisors who work in the western regions,are under 45 years of age,are male,are married,have a doctorate

关 键 词：临床专硕导师 职业倦怠 工作投入 低效 过度劳累 淡漠 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]