低透气性煤层高压脉冲射流割缝-压裂增透技术应用研究  

Application of high pressure pulse jet slotting and fracturing anti-reflection technology in low permeability coal seam

作　　者：秦江涛[1] 覃俊 龙称心 郭邵金 QIN Jiangtao;QIN Jun;LONG Chengxin;GUO Shaojin(Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering,Chongqing 402260,China;Guizhou Anhe Mining Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550081,China;China Transportation Second Highway Survey Design Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430056,China;Guizhou Zhongkuang Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工程职业技术学院,重庆402260 [2]贵州安和矿业科技股份有限公司,贵州贵阳550081 [3]中交第二公路勘察设计研究有限公司,湖北武汉430056 [4]贵州中矿工程技术有限公司,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2024年第5期23-28,共6页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51204217);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202103408);重庆工程职业技术学院院级课题(2022KJA01)。

摘　　要：针对盘州平关镇大坪煤矿18采区20号煤层复杂地质条件及瓦斯抽采难题,提出一种高压脉冲射流割缝导向压裂增透技术。为验证该技术效果,分析了其增透技术机理,并设计了4种试验方案进行对比分析。结果表明,采用高压脉冲射流割缝导向压裂方案在瓦斯抽采效果方面显著优于其他方法,与普通抽采、高压脉冲射流割缝、高压水力压裂抽采瓦斯相比,其平均每日抽采瓦斯浓度分别提高了3.01倍、1.41倍和1.67倍;平均每日抽采瓦斯纯流量也相应提升了2.86倍、1.42倍和1.62倍。经过90 d的抽采,该方案的抽采影响半径达到了5.06 m,分别为普通抽采、高压脉冲射流割缝和高压水力压裂抽采方案的2.56倍、1.25倍和1.29倍;在抽采效果相同的条件下,钻孔施工时间分别比普通抽采、高压脉冲射流割缝和高压水力压裂方案缩短了60%、32%和20%,瓦斯抽采达标所需时间分别比普通抽采、高压脉冲射流割缝和高压水力压裂方案缩短了70%、50%和62%。高压脉冲射流割缝导向压裂技术对低透气性煤层瓦斯治理效果较为理想,可供类似矿井借鉴。Aiming at the complicated geology condition and gas extraction problems of No.20 coal seam,18 mining area,Daping Coal Mine,Pingguan Town,Panzhou City,a high pressure pulse jet slot-guided fracturing anti-reflection technology was proposed.In order to verify the effect of this technology,the mechanism of anti-reflection technology was analyzed,and four test schemes were designed for comparative analysis.The results show that the high pressure pulse jet slot-guided fracturing scheme is significantly superior to other methods in gas extraction efficiency,and its average daily gas concentration is 3.01 times,1.41 times and 1.67 times of that of common extraction,high pressure pulse jet slotting and high pressure hydraulic fracturing,respectively.The average daily gas extraction net flow also increased by 2.86 times,1.42 times and 1.62 times.After 90 days of pumping,the influence radius of the scheme reaches 5.06 m,which is 2.56 times,1.25 times and 1.29 times of that of common extraction,high pressure pulse jet slotting and high pressure hydraulic fracturing,respectively.Under the condition of the same pumping effect,compared with common extraction,high pressure pulse jet slotting and high pressure hydraulic fracturing,the drilling construction time is shortened by 60%,32%and 20%,respectively.The time required for gas extraction to meet the standard is shortened by 70%,50%and 62%,respectively.The high pressure pulse jet slot-guided fracturing technology has an ideal effect on gas control of low permeability coal seam,which can be used for reference in similar mines.

关 键 词：低透气性煤层 瓦斯抽采 煤体增透 高压脉冲射流割缝 高压水力压裂 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]