深孔爆破断顶技术在深井冲击地压防治工作的研究与应用  

Research and application of deep hole blasting roof breaking technology in the prevention and control of deep well rock burst

作　　者：王永 张建 朱宁强 李学龙 WANG Yong;ZHANG Jian;ZHU Ningqiang;LI Xuelong(Lilou Coal Industry,Shandong Energy Group Luxi Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yuncheng 274700,China;College of Energy and Mining Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东能源集团鲁西矿业有限公司李楼煤业,山东郓城274700 [2]山东科技大学能源与矿业工程学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2024年第5期52-60,共9页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174174);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021QE170)。

摘　　要：针对冲击地压影响范围广、破坏能力强、发生频率高、防治难度大的问题,以李楼煤业1303工作面为工程背景,根据相关要求和现场情况制订了合理的断顶爆破工艺和钻孔布置方案。根据微震监测、应力监测和来压步距观测对1303工作面断顶卸压效果进行考察,实验结果表明:10^(4)J及以上能量事件频次下降明显,10^(3)J及以下能量事件频次增加,单位进尺释放能量值下降幅度达40.77%;预警总次数下降了33.33%,预警位置集中在距离断顶孔0~1.5、6.0~6.5 m区域;周期来压步距同比下降5.1%,平均围岩变形量同比减小40.9%,达到了破坏顶板完整性、缩短顶板悬顶长度、减小来压步距,以及释放岩层弹性能的目的,说明针对该工作面采取的卸压防冲技术效果明显,可以有效降低工作面的冲击危险性。Addressing the issues of extensive influence,strong destructive capacity,high occurrence frequency,and difficulty in prevention and control associated with rock bursts,this study uses the 1303 working face of Lilou Coal Industry as a case background.Based on relevant requirements and site conditions,a reasonable breaking roof blasting procedure and borehole arrangement plan were developed.The effectiveness of the roof pressure relief at the 1303 working face was evaluated through micro-seismic monitoring,stress monitoring,and observations of pressurization pacing.Experimental results indicate a significant decrease in the frequency of energy events above 10^(4)J,while the frequency of events below 10^(3)J increased.The energy release value per unit advance decreased by 40.77%.The total number of early warnings decreased by 33.33%,with warning locations concentrated at distances of 0 m to 1.5 m and 6.0 m to 6.5 m from the breaking roof borehole.The periodic pressurization pacing decreased by 5.1%year-on-year,and the average surrounding rock deformation reduced by 40.9%year-on-year.These findings demonstrate the successful achievement of objectives such as compromising roof integrity,reducing roof hanging length,decreasing pressurization pacing,and releasing the elastic energy of the rock mass.The pressure relief technology implemented for this working face has proven effective and can significantly reduce the risk of rock bursts.

关 键 词：深井 深孔爆破断顶 冲击地压 构造应力 微震监测 来压步距 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]