衢州暖季雷暴大风天气时空分布及雷达特征统计  

Spatio-temporal Distribution of Thunderstorms and Gales in Quzhou in Warm Season and Characteristic Statistics of Radar

作　　者：荆思佳 贺钰清 肖颖 石琳琳 毛程燕 林昕 JING Sijia;HE Yuqing;XIAO Ying;SHI Linlin;MAO Chengyan;LIN Xin(Yuncheng Meteorological Office of Shanxi Province,Yuncheng 044000,China;Quzhou Meteorological Office of Zhejiang Province,Quzhou 324000,China;Fuzhou Meteorological Bureau of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省运城市气象局,山西运城044000 [2]浙江省衢州市气象局,浙江衢州324000 [3]福建省福州市气象局,福建福州350000

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2024年第5期1-10,共10页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：福州市科技项目计划(2023-S-032):气象条件对福州PM_(2.5)与O_(3)污染影响的协同性和差异性研究;浙江省青年科技项目(2021QN42):衢州地区雷暴大风天气雷达回波特征统计及预警指标研究。

摘　　要：【目的】为总结对衢州雷暴大风预警有指示作用的本地化雷达预报指标。【方法】利用2017-2021年衢州地区地面加密观测资料、闪电定位仪及CINRAD-SA波段雷达资料,选取29次雷暴大风过程,分类分析了衢州地区不同环流形势下雷暴大风出现前的雷达产品特征。【结果】(1)衢州暖季雷暴大风时空分布不均匀。中部盆地区域明显多于山区;3月、5月、7月雷暴大风影响区域范围较大;日变化明显,高频时段为中午至前半夜。(2)根据天气形势配置,衢州地区雷暴大风可分为副高边缘型、暖湿平流强迫型、锋生切变型、干冷平流强迫型等4类。(3)衢州地区产生雷暴大风的雷达回波主要为块状回波、弓形回波、带状回波等3类,其中块状回波出现最多。(4)不同对流组织类型的雷达回波,雷暴大风的预警指标不同。依据低层径向速度大值区和中层径向速度辐合可以对弓形回波产生的雷暴大风提前预警;依据低层径向速度大值区、垂直积分液态水含量(VIL)的跃增能对带状回波雷暴大风天气提前预警;仅有36%的块状回波个例中提前出现了低层径向速度大值区,但是VIL的跃增及回波顶高的跃增可以提前预警块状回波雷暴大风的出现。【结论】上述结论可为做好衢州地区雷暴大风的短时预报及临近预警工作提供参考。In order to extract the localized radar prediction indicators for early warning of thunderstorm gales in Quzhou,this paper selects 29 thunderstorm gale cases in Quzhou from 2017 to 2021 and uses the surface observation data,the lightning locator data and the CINRAD-SA radar data in the corresponding period.The characteristics of radar products before the appearance of thunderstorms gales in Quzhou area under different circulation conditions are classified and statistically analyzed.The results are as follows:(1)The spatial and temporal distribution of thunderstorm gales is uneven during warm seasons in Quzhou.Annual average thunderstorm gale days in central basin are obviously more than in mountains.Thunderstorm gales that occur in March,May and July have larger influence areas with obvious diurnal variations.The thunderstorm gales tend to occur more frequently from noon to early midnight.(2)According to the configuration of synoptic situation,thunderstorm gales in Quzhou can be divided into the following four types:the subtropical high periphery type,the warm advection forcing type,the frontogenesis and shear type,and the cold advection forcing type.(3)During the period when the thunderstorm gales occur,the radar echoes can be divided into three categories according to the echo shapes,i.e.,bow echo,belt-shape echo and bulk echo,among which bulk echo is seen most frequently.(4)The early-warning indicators of thunderstorm gales are different for different types of radar echoes.According to the large-value zone of radial velocity in the lower layer and the convergence of radial velocity in the middle layer,thunderstorms and gales generated by bow echo can be predicted in advance.Based on the abrupt increase of large radial velocity zone in the lower layer and the vertical integral liquid water content(VIL),thunderstorm gales caused by belt echoes can be forecasted in advance.The large radial velocity zone appears in the lower layer ahead of time in only 36%of the bulk-shape echo cases,but the abruptly increases of

关 键 词：衢州地区 雷暴大风 多普勒天气雷达 预警指标 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]