三江平原孤立沼泽湿地保护优先性评价与保护策略  

Conservation priority evaluation and strategy for isolated marsh in the Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：张凤[1] 张双伟 刘晓健 刘吉平[1] 宗思迪 王发斌 ZHANG Feng;ZHANG Shuangwei;LIU Xiaojian;LIU Jiping;ZONG Sidi;WANG Fabin(College of Geographical Science and Tourism,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,China;College of Mathematics and Computer Science,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,四平136000 [2]吉林师范大学数学与计算机学院,四平136000

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第20期9122-9134,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：吉林省科学技术厅项目(20230508029RC);国家自然科学基金项目(42271125);吉林省教育厅社会科学研究项目(JJKH20240530SK)。

摘　　要：随着人们生活生产、经济开发等活动加剧,导致湿地面积减少,湿地破碎化严重,形成大量孤立湿地。研究基于压力-状态\响应理论和层次分析法构建了湿地保护优先性评价模型,对三江平原沼泽湿地进行评价。评价结果表明,2000—2020年三江平原自然沼泽湿地保护优先性空间分布由东北高西南低的格局转向东高西低的格局,而孤立沼泽湿地由东北高西南低的格局向分散无空间分布趋势格局转换,2000—2020年自然沼泽湿地和孤立沼泽湿地保护优先性质心都由东北向西南移动;2000—2020年三江平原的孤立沼泽湿地与非孤立沼泽湿地保护优先性强度均呈降低趋势,孤立沼泽湿地降低的幅度较大;保护区外孤立沼泽湿地的保护优先性强度高于保护区内孤立沼泽湿地。基于孤立沼泽湿地变化规律、驱动力和保护优先性评价结果,提出三江平原孤立沼泽湿地的保护策略,即对现有重要孤立沼泽湿地进行优先保护,对已丧失的重要孤立沼泽湿地进行恢复。加强保护区外孤立沼泽湿地的保护力度,特别是保护区外6km缓冲区内的孤立沼泽湿地保护。With the intensification of human activities,production,economic development and other activities,wetland area is shrinking,wetland fragmentation is becoming popular,and a large number of isolated wetlands are accordingly formed.Based on pressure-state-response theory and analytic hierarchy process(AHP),a wetland conservation priority model was constructed to evaluate the marshes in the Sanjiang Plain.The results showed that:1)The spatial distribution of natural wetland conservation priority in the Sanjiang Plain shifted from a pattern of high-in-northeast and low-in-southwest to that of high-in-east and low-in-west from 2000 to 2020,while the isolated marshes changed from a pattern of high-in-northeast and low-in-southwest to that of dispersed and irregularly spatial distribution;2)The conservation priorities of natural marshes and isolated marshes have moved from northeast to southwest,and the conservation priority intensity of isolated marshes and non-isolated marshes in Sanjiang Plain showed a decreasing trend from 2000 to 2020.The reduction magnitudes of isolated marsh was larger in 2020 than that in 2000;3)The protection priority of isolated marshes outside the protected area was higher than that of isolated marshes inside the protected area;4)The driving force and conservation priority of isolated marsh,the protection strategy of isolated marshes in the Sanjiang Plain was then proposed based on the evaluation results The strategy includes two aspects:one is to place priority to the protection of the existing important isolated swamp wetland,and to restore the lost important isolated swamp wetland;and other is to strengthen the protection of isolated marshes outside the protected area,especially the protection of the isolated marshes within the 6 km buffer zone outside the protected areas.

关 键 词：孤立沼泽湿地 保护优先性 PSR模型 保护策略 三江平原 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]