城市边缘区土地利用生态风险时空特征及其影响因素  

Analyzing the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving factors of landscape ecological risk in urban fringe area

作　　者：周克昊 谭荣辉 张扬 刘耀林[4] ZHOU Kehao;TAN Ronghui;ZHANG Yang;LIU Yaolin(School of Public Administration,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;College of Public Administration,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Capital University of Economics and Business,College of Urban Economics and Public Administration,Beijing 100070,China;School of Resource and Environmental Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学公共管理学院,武汉430062 [2]华中科技大学公共管理学院,武汉430074 [3]首都经济贸易大学城市经济与公共管理学院,北京100070 [4]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第20期9183-9198,共16页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目(23Q115);国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230107);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(8242024)。

摘　　要：城市边缘区是土地利用转换且生态环境变化剧烈的区域,研究该区域土地利用生态风险及影响因素对市县级国土空间规划和局部区域生态修复具有重要意义。以中部特大城市武汉市的城市边缘区为研究区,采用1995、2005、2015、2022年的土地利用/覆被数据和社会经济数据测算土地利用生态风险,分析其时空分异特征,基于最优参数地理探测器揭示影响因素与其空间关联规律。结果表明:(1)研究区主要用地类型为耕地、水域和建设用地,在1995—2022年间耕地和水域面积显著降低,建设用地面积快速增加;(2)土地利用生态风险指数从0.54下降至0.36,中高生态风险区面积减少,低生态风险区面积增加,生态风险总体呈下降趋势;(3)国内生产总值密度,建设用地密度、道路核密度、距最近主干道距离、距最近省级开发区和距最近主要湖泊的距离与不同时期土地利用生态风险仍具有显著的空间关联规律。未来需要重点关注湖泊、主干道和城市中心周边自然生态用地的土地利用生态风险,强化土地用途空间管制的法规作用,以科学合理的国土空间规划和交通规划引导产业和经济的集聚发展,从而构建稳定可持续的城市边缘区生态安全格局。Urban fringe is an area characterized by intense human activities and unstable ecological and environmental conditions.Understanding the ecological risks and their underlying factors in the urban fringe is crucial for supporting territorial spatial planning and ecological restoration.While most previous studies have focused on analyzing ecological risks of land use in cities,provinces,basins,or regions,few have paid attention to the ecological risks of the urban fringe in megacities.The urban fringe is not only an area experiencing significant population changes but also a key area undergoing land use transformation.Unlike urban and non-urban areas,the landscape ecological risk in the urban fringe is driven by unique determinants.Additionally,previous studies have primarily focused on the spatial-temporal evolution and spatial heterogeneity of landscape ecological risks,but they have lacked quantitative analysis of the spatial correlation between landscape ecological risk and its determinants.A limited number of studies have explored the driving forces behind changes in landscape ecological risk using geographic detectors.However,some of these studies have utilized a unified classification system based on equal intervals or natural break point methods to set key parameters for geographical detectors.This approach may lead to biased or misleading evaluation results regarding the drivers of landscape ecological risk.To address these gaps,this study analyzed landscape ecological risk indexes in the urban fringe of Wuhan city based on land use data from 1995,2005,2015,and 2022.By employing an optimal parameters-based geographical detector model,we identified the determinants contributing to landscape ecological risk.The results revealed the following key findings:(1)The predominant land use types in the study area were cultivated land,water,and built-up land.Between 1995 and 2022,the area of cultivated land and water experienced significant decreases,while the area of built-up land expanded rapidly;(2)The landscape e

关 键 词：土地利用 生态风险 城市边缘区 最优参数地理探测器 武汉市 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]