典型高浓度过氧化氢激波及热刺激下的爆炸危险性研究  

Study on explosion risk of typical high-concentration hydrogen peroxide under shock wave and thermal stimulation

作　　者：王军红 徐飞扬 罗一民 马智勇 吴星亮 徐森[1,2] WANG Junhong;XU Feiyang;LUO Yimin;MA Zhiyong;WU Xingliang;XU Sen(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;China National Quality Supervision Testing Center for Industrial Explosive Materials,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]国家民用爆破器材质量监督检测中心,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火箭推进》2024年第5期130-137,共8页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12272184)。

摘　　要：为研究推进剂级过氧化氢的爆炸危险性和浓度对过氧化氢危险性的影响,对3种不同浓度(质量分数分别为91%、95%和98%)过氧化氢分别开展联合国隔板试验、克南试验以及包装单元间殉爆试验,研究过氧化氢在冲击波刺激和封闭热刺激下的响应特性。结果表明:在强冲击波(约20 GPa)直接作用下,91%、95%和98%浓度过氧化氢对应的验证板穿孔孔径分别为68、74和76 mm,过氧化氢均表现出了整体爆炸危险性,且浓度越高,传播爆轰的能力越强;在相对弱激波(约2 GPa)刺激下,3种浓度过氧化氢对应验证板均无穿孔情况,表明起爆能力对过氧化氢的整体爆炸危险性具有决定性作用;克南试验中随着过氧化氢浓度由91%、95%和98%依次增加,发生爆炸的临界孔径依次为1.0、2.0和2.5 mm。两者间的一致性进一步佐证了高浓度过氧化氢潜在的整体爆炸风险。在殉爆试验中,随着爆轰波强度的增加,浓度为98%过氧化氢样品的反应剧烈程度虽然不断增强,但仍呈现为负结果。To investigate the explosion risk of propellant-grade hydrogen peroxide and how various concentrations affect this hazard,hydrogen peroxide samples with mass concentrations of 91%,95%,and 98%respond to shock wave and thermal stimulation under high containment were tested using UN gap,koenen,and sympathetic detonation tests.The results show that under a strong shock wave impact of about 20 GPa,the perforation diameters in the verification plates are 68 mm,74 mm and 76 mm for hydrogen peroxide concentrations of 91%,95%and 98%respectively.All tested hydrogen peroxide concentrations exhibit overall explosive hazards,and the higher the concentration,the stronger the ability to propagation detonation.At a weaker shock wave stimulation(around 2 GPa),none of the hydrogen peroxide concentrations caused perforation in the verification plates,suggesting that initiation capacity is critical to the compound s explosivity.During the Koenen test,an increase in the critical explosion diameter,which was measured at 1.0 mm,2.0 mm and 2.5 mm,respectively,corresponding to the hydrogen peroxide concentrations rising from 91%to 95%,and finally to 98%was observed.Consistent findings across both tests underscore the significant explosion risk associated with high-concentration hydrogen peroxide.The sympathetic detonation test reveals that with increasing detonation wave intensity,the reactivity of the 98%hydrogen peroxide sample heightens despite a negative outcome.

关 键 词：过氧化氢 爆炸危险性 联合国隔板试验 克南试验 殉爆试验 

分 类 号：TJ04[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] O69[理学—化学]