液氢固空生长数值模拟及可视化实验  

Numerical simulation and visual experiment of solid air growth process in liquid hydrogen

作　　者：张春伟 马军强[1] 郭嘉翔 余海帅 苏谦 陈静[1] ZHANG Chunwei;MA Junqiang;GUO Jiaxiang;YU Haishuai;SU Qian;CHEN Jing(Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天试验技术研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《火箭推进》2024年第5期138-147,共10页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52306020)。

摘　　要：固空已成为制约液氢推进剂大规模安全应用的关键因素之一,但目前对于固空特性的了解仍有待深入。采用数值模拟和低温可视化实验来探究液氢固空的氧氮分布规律和生长特性。结果表明,相场模型可以准确模拟纯扩散和强制对流工况下的固空生长及二次分枝过程。多晶核竞争生长时,固空会相互融合形成多晶共生体,二次枝晶还会增加融合点数量,而强制对流增加了液氢固空的危险性,富氧含量最高可达到53.3%。低温可视化实验装置能够有效观测液氢固空的全周期生长过程,当模拟气中的氧浓度为15%时,固空中的氧相对浓度可达到33.8%,证明了固空的氧富集特性。研究结果可为液氢推进剂安全使用体系的构建提供支撑。Solid air has become one of the key factors restricting the extensive safe application of liquid hydrogen propellant.However,the understanding of solid air characteristics still needs to be deepened.Therefore,numerical simulation and low-temperature visual experiments are used to investigate solid air s oxygen and nitrogen distribution and growth characteristics.The results indicate that the phase field model can accurately simulate solid air growth and secondary branching under pure diffusion and forced convection conditions.During the competitive growth of polycrystalline nuclei,the solid air can fuse to form polycrystalline symbiont,and the secondary dendrites can increase the number of fusion sites.The forced convection can increase the risk of solid air in liquid hydrogen,with the highest oxygen content reaching 53.3%.The low-temperature visual experiment device can effectively observe the full-cycle growth process of solid air in liquid hydrogen.When the oxygen concentration in the simulated gas is 15%,the relative oxygen concentration of solid air can reach 33.8%,proving the oxygen enrichment characteristics of solid air.This research can support constructing a safe use system for liquid hydrogen.

关 键 词：液氢推进剂 固空 相场法 可视化 

分 类 号：V511.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]