导师联合指导如何促进博士生创新能力——基于师生互动的中介效应分析  

Joint Supervision and Doctoral Student Creativity:An Analysis of Mediating Teacher-Student Interactions

作　　者：易梦春 沈文钦[2] 徐浩天 YI Mengchun;SHEN Wenqin;XU Haotian(Institute of Medical Edueation/Graduate School of Edueation;Graduate Sehool of Edueation,Peking University,Beiing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学教育研究所,北京100871 [2]北京大学教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2024年第19期10-20,共11页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第74批面上资助项目(2023M740083)的部分成果。

摘　　要：基于全国22371名博士毕业生调查数据,使用逆概率加权回归调整(IPWRA)方法解决导师联合指导选择偏差问题,分析单一学科导师联合指导、多学科导师联合指导在不同学科领域对博士生创新能力的影响,使用结构方程模型(SEM)分析师生互动在其中的中介作用。研究发现:(1)单一学科导师联合指导和多学科导师联合指导显著正向预测博士生科研创新能力增值,且多学科导师联合指导的作用更强;多学科导师联合指导对博士生学位论文创新水平有积极影响,而单一学科导师联合指导的作用不显著。(2)导师联合指导对博士生创新能力的影响存在学科差异,单一学科导师联合指导对科研创新能力增值的影响在人文学科和医学不显著,多学科导师联合指导对学位论文创新水平的影响在人文学科和社会学科不显著。(3)“转益多师”和“尊重平等”的师生互动在单一学科和多学科导师联合指导对博士生科研创新能力增值的影响中均起中介作用,“转益多师”“尊重平等”和“自主支持”的师生互动在多学科导师联合指导对博士生学位论文创新水平的影响中起中介作用。上述结果揭示了不同学科下不同导师联合指导模式对博士生创新能力影响的差异性,明确了导师联合指导制度在形成有助于博士生创新能力发展的高质量师生互动关系上的重要作用。On the basis of data of 22,371 doctoral graduates,this study analyzed the impact of single-discipline joint supervision and multi-disciplinary joint supervision on the creativity of doctoral students in different disciplinary fields by using the Inverse-Probability-Weighted Regression Adjustment(IPWRA)method to address the selection bias associated with joint supervision,and analyzed the mediating role of teacher-student interactions by using structural equation modeling(SEM).Results shows that:(a)Both single-discipline and multi-discipline joint supervision significantly predict the enhancement of doctoral student creativity,with the multi-discipline model showing a more pronounced gain and multi-discipline joint supervision significantly predicts the innovation level of doctoral dissertations,while the influence of single-discipline model is not significant.(b)There are disciplinary differences in the impact of joint supervision on the creativity of doctoral students.The effect of singlediscipline joint supervision on the the enhancement of doctoral student creativity is not significant in humanities and medicine,while the effect of multi-disciplinary joint supervision on the innovation level of doctoral dissertations is not significant in humanities and social sciences.(c)The teacher-student interactions of"open"and"equal"styles play a mediating role in both single-discipline and multi-disciplinary joint supervision on the enhancement of doctoral student creativity,while the teacherstudent interactions of"open""equal"and"supporting antonomy"styles play a mediating role in multi-disciplinary joint supervision on the innovation level of doctoral dissertations.The above findings reveal the differences in the impact of different supervision models on the doctoral student creativity in different disciplines,and clarify the important role of joint supervision system in forming high-quality teacher-student interaction relationships that contribute to the development of doctoral student creativity.

关 键 词：导师联合指导 博士生 创新能力 师生互动 中介作用 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]