《学位法》时代高校学位授予权之再定性及其规制  

Recharacterization and Regulation of the Right to Award Degrees in Universities in the Era of《Law of the Academic Degrees》

作　　者：刘爱茹 LIU Airu(School of Law,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200000)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学凯原法学院,上海200000

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2024年第19期50-59,68,共11页Research in Educational Development

摘　　要：高校学位授予权属性之争因司法实践普遍将学位授予纠纷纳入行政诉讼受案范围而起,但与司法实践确立的“行政权力说”商榷的“权利说”和“特殊权力说”均误读了“行政权力说”之实质目的且存在论证逻辑混乱。学位授予权属性之争论本质,是对高校自主性和申请人权益保障之不同侧重以及利益平衡进路之不同选择。《学位法》肯认了司法实践的主流做法,学位授予权之行政权力属性仅具有诉讼法意义。在《学位法》时代,法院应改变此前的“尊重高校自主性”说理思路,采审查行政裁量之方法进行利益权衡,继续运用正当程序原则审查学位授予程序要件之合理性,并积极运用比例原则审查学位授予实体要件之合理性,同时以高校在学位授予方面的专业性作为司法介入行政裁量之界碑。The controversy over the attributes of the degree conferring right of universities has arisen from the fact that judicial practice has generally included the disputes over degree conferring in the scope of administrative litigation.However,the“right theory”and the“special power theory”,which are in dispute with the“administrative power theory”established by judicial practice,misread the substance of the purpose of the“administrative power theory”and the logic of the argument is confused.The essence of the debate on the attributes of the right to confer degrees is the different emphasis on the autonomy of universities and the protection of the rights of the applicants,and different options for a balanced approach.《The Law of the Academic Degrees》recognizes the prevailing practice in judicial practices,and“administrative power theory”has significance only in procedural law.In the era of《The Law of the Academic Degrees》,the court should change the previous“respect for the autonomy of universities”reasoning,adopt the method of reviewing administrative discretion to weigh the interests,continue to use the principle of due process to review the reasonableness of the procedural elements of the degree conferment,and actively use the principle of proportionality to review the reasonableness of the substantive elements of the degree conferment.At the same time,the specialization of universities in awarding degrees should be used as a boundary stone for judicial intervention in administrative discretion.

关 键 词：《学位法》 高校学位授予权 高校自主性 行政裁量 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]