破解拉丁美洲大型矿业项目社区问题探索:以阿根廷贝拉德罗金矿为例  

Exploring solutions to community issues in large-scale mining projects in Latin America:a case study of the Veladero Gold Mine in Argentina

作　　者：赵国栋 ZHAO Guodong(Shandong Gold Group Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Gold Argentina Representative Office,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东黄金集团有限公司山东黄金阿根廷代表处,山东济南250101

出　　处：《中国矿业》2024年第S02期63-67,共5页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：拉丁美洲大型矿业项目社区问题成为阻碍我国企业在当地发展的重要因素,在梳理和总结中外矿业企业在拉美地区运营矿业项目经验教训的基础上,深刻剖析社区问题产生的根源,即社区经济社会发展不平衡、不充分,该地区发展赤字长期未能得以弥补,需要调动各种资源系统性地解决问题。我国企业在拉美地区发展历史较短,在诸多方面面临经验不足、资源匮乏等短板,如何充分利用自身优势,借鉴其他企业成功经验,降低项目开发和运营风险、少走弯路,成为我们需要面对的课题;我国企业通过与西方先进矿业企业尝试开展战略合作,共同开发运营拉美地区大型矿山,发挥中西方两种优势,按照现代企业公司治理模式,赢得真正的社会许可,既避免了“企业办社会”的巨大负担,又能有效化解西方企业盘根错节的利益固化、阻碍市场竞争、技术创新以及漠视公共利益等顽疾。从长远看,解决好矿业社区问题,在促进矿业社区的环境保护、社会发展和全球合作等方面发挥着积极作用,企业不断打造和改善企业长期赖以生存的可持续发展环境的同时,树立负责任企业良好形象,实现国际一流矿业企业的战略目标。Community issues in large-scale mining projects in Latin America have become a significant obstacle to the development of Chinese enterprises in the region.Based on a thorough review and summary of the experiences and lessons learned by both Chinese and foreign mining companies operating in Latin America,it is crucial to deeply analyze the root causes of community issues.These issues stem from the unbalanced and insufficient socio-economic development of the communities,as well as the longstanding development deficit in the region that has yet to be addressed.A systematic approach,mobilizing various resources,is needed to resolve these problems.Chinese enterprises have a relatively short history of development in Latin America,and they face challenges such as a lack of experience and resource constraints in many areas.How to fully leverage their own strengths,draw on the successful experiences of other companies,reduce project development and operational risks,and avoid unnecessary pitfalls has become a key issue to address.By attempting strategic cooperation with advanced Western mining companies to jointly develop and operate large mines in Latin America,Chinese enterprises can combine the strengths of both Chinese and Western approaches.This approach follows modern corporate governance models,thereby avoiding the heavy burden of“companies managing communities”while effectively mitigating the entrenched problems in Western companies,such as the entrenchment of vested interests,obstruction of market competition,technological innovation,and neglect of public interests.In the long term,addressing mining community issues and promoting environmental protection,social development,and global cooperation in these communities will play a positive role.As companies continuously build and improve the sustainable development environment upon which their long-term survival depends,they will also establish a responsible corporate image and achieve the strategic goal of becoming world-class mining enterprises.

关 键 词：拉丁美洲 大型矿业项目 社区问题 负责任企业 社会许可 可持续发展 

分 类 号：TD-9[矿业工程] F762.2[经济管理—产业经济]