基于GNSS监测数据的巨厚松散层下采煤对地面振动影响及沉陷过程研究  

Study on the impact of coal mining under thick loose layers on ground vibrations and subsidence processes based on GNSS monitoring data

作　　者：郑增荣 刘斌 肖星星 王军 刘生强 赵宏飞 ZHENG Zengrong;LIU Bin;XIAO Xingxing;WANG Jun;LIU Shengqiang;ZHAO Hongfei(Shenmu Energy Bureau,Shenmu 719300,China;School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 102616,China;Shenmu Information Industry Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenmu 719300,China)

机构地区：[1]神木市能源局,陕西神木719300 [2]北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京102616 [3]神木市信息产业发展集团有限公司,陕西神木719300

出　　处：《中国矿业》2024年第S02期318-324,共7页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：针对煤炭地下采掘对地面振动的影响过程,本文以皖北某大型矿井为例,通过连续采集全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)监测数据,探究了巨厚松散层下煤矿开采对地面振动和沉陷的影响,使用FLAC^(3D)数值模拟软件对地层数据进行建模,模拟地下采煤机械运行时的振动传播过程。结果显示,随着振动波从煤层巷道顶部沿松散层向上传播,振动能量逐渐衰减,尤其在厚层黏土层中衰减最为明显。随后,利用变分模态分解(VMD)和频谱分析,对地面振动数据进行处理和分析,发现地下机械开采振动经松散层后的频率特征,以及振动通过松散层传递后的衰减规律。同时,对监测站的沉陷数据进行分析,发现沉陷过程呈现先升后降的变化趋势,活跃期的沉陷量占总量的91%。分析了影响因素及振动影响的持续时间。本文研究结果为采煤活动安全管理和环境保护提供了科学依据。This paper examines the impact of underground coal mining on ground vibrations,using a large mine in northern Anhui as a case study.By continuously collecting monitoring data from the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS),the research investigates the effects of coal mining beneath thick loose layers on ground vibrations and subsidence.The FLAC^(3D) numerical simulation software is employed to model the geological data and simulate the vibration propagation process during underground mining operations.The results indicate that as vibration waves propagate upward from the top of the coal seam tunnel through the loose layers,the vibration energy gradually attenuates,particularly showing significant attenuation in thick clay layers.Subsequently,Variational Mode Decomposition(VMD)and spectral analysis are utilized to process and analyze the ground vibration data,revealing the frequency characteristics of underground mechanical mining vibrations after passing through the loose layers,as well as the attenuation patterns of these vibrations.Additionally,an analysis of subsidence data from monitoring stations reveals a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease,with 91%of the total subsidence occurring during the active period.The study also examines the influencing factors and the duration of the vibration impacts.The findings provide scientific evidence for the safe management and environmental protection of coal mining activities.

关 键 词：GNSS监测数据 巨厚松散层 采煤地面振动 影响持续性 

分 类 号：TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]