林木病害生防微生物的应用及作用机制研究进展  

Research Progress on Application and Mechanism of Biocontrol Microorganisms for Forest Diseases

作　　者：马天宇 MA Tianyu(College of Life Science,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150040;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150040)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2024年第21期67-75,共9页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：林木病害给林木的健康生长带来威胁,也给森林生态系统和经济发展带来巨大损失。化学农药虽然能够有效控制林木病害,但其大量及不规范使用会引起环境污染、病原菌产生抗性等一系列问题。使用生防制剂是一种环境友好且可持续发展的林木病害防治策略。基于生防细菌、生防真菌和合成微生物群落3类生防微生物在林木病害防治中的应用,综述了生防微生物的作用机制,包括分泌抑菌物质、竞争营养物质与生态位、诱导植物产生系统抗性和重寄生作用,并对未来生防制剂的研究与应用进行了展望。Forest diseases threaten the healthy growth of trees and cause significant losses to forest ecosystems and economic development.Although chemical pesticides can effectively control forest diseases,large and non-standard use of chemical pesticides can cause a series of problems,such as environmental pollution and pathogen resistance.The use of biocontrol agents is an environmentally friendly and sustainable strategy for controlling forest diseases.Based on the application of three types of biocontrol microorganisms on controlling forest diseases,namely biocontrol bacteria,biocontrol fungi,and synthetic microbial communities,this paper reviewed the mechanism of biocontrol microorganisms,including secretion of antibacterial substances,competition for nutrients and ecological niches,induction of systemic resistance in plants and hyperparasitism,and prospected for future research and application of biocontrol agents.

关 键 词：生防微生物 林木病害 生防机制 展望 研究进展 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]