海棠容器苗适宜基质的筛选研究  

Study on Screening of Suitable Substrates for Container Seedlings of Crabapple

作　　者：刘芹 LIU Qin(Shanghai Fengxian Landscape Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201403)

机构地区：[1]上海奉贤园林绿化工程有限公司,上海201403

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第10期14-16,85,共4页Horticulture & Seed

摘　　要：[目的]筛选出海棠容器苗生长的最优基质配比。[方法]以草炭、园林废弃物、土壤和珍珠岩为组分,采用正交设计法制备了9组栽植海棠的基质,根据基质的理化性质以及容器苗的生长状况,评价并筛选出海棠生长的最优基质配比。[结果]种植海棠容器苗,草炭∶园林废弃物∶土壤∶珍珠岩为10∶3∶6∶1和5∶1∶1∶1是最优基质配比,而10∶1∶4∶3是相对最差的配比。最优配比下,基质的总孔隙度最高,为68.1%,而最差基质的为59.3%;最适宜基质的氮含量最高,磷和钾各组间差异明显;配比适宜的基质下植物生长最快,且植株最高,最差基质中的植株地径最小,且地径增长率也最低。[结论]园林废弃物是影响海棠苗种植基质质量的关键因素。[Objective]The aim was to screen the optimal matrix ratio for the growth of crabapple container seedlings.[Method]With peat,garden waste,soil and perlite as components,9 groups of substrates for planting crabapple were prepared by orthogonal design method.According to the physical and chemical properties of the substrates and the growth status of container seedlings,the optimal substrate ratio for the growth of crabapple was evaluated and screened.[Result]Planting container seedlings of crabapple,peat∶garden waste∶soil∶perlite at a ratio of 10∶3∶6∶1 and 5∶1∶1∶1 were the optimal substrate ratios,while 10∶1∶4∶3 was the relatively worst ratio.Under the optimal ratio,the total porosity of the matrix was up to 68.1%,while the worst matrix was 59.3%;the nitrogen content of the most suitable substrate was the highest,and the difference between phosphorus and potassium groups was obvious.The plants grew fastest and the plants were the highest in the matrix with suitable ratio,and the ground diameter of the plants in the worst matrix was the smallest and the growth rate of ground diameter was the lowest.[Conclusion]Garden waste is the key factor affecting the quality of crabapple seedling planting substrate.

关 键 词：海棠 养分 生长 体积比 孔隙度 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]