专利转化信托之制度设计  

Design of the System for Patent Transfer Trust

作　　者：陈雪萍[1] 左右正 Chen Xueping;Zuo Youzheng(School of Law,South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学法学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2024年第6期65-74,共10页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

基　　金：2021年国家社会科学基金一般项目“数字资产信托法律问题研究”(21BFX190)。

摘　　要：专利转化率低制约了我国产业自主创新升级。专业人才缺乏,投融资渠道匮乏以及传统专利管理方式罅缺是制约专利转化的主要因素。信托与专利转化有机结合可利用信托专业化管理、投融资以及安全保障功能提高专利转化率。我国信托制度生效要件、受托人监督机制与受益人权利救济机制之罅缺制约专利转化信托的发展,应以信托财产“双重所有权”理念作为构建专利转化信托的制度基础,明确专利转化信托财产“确定性”要件并以专利权“移转”于受托人作为信托生效的充分必要条件,明确专利转化信托受托人资格,完善受托人信义义务机制之内部监督制度,增设专利转化信托监察人和专职监管部门进行外部监督,明确受益人物权救济机制。The low rate of patent conversion hampers the independent innovation and industrial upgrading in China.The primary factors constraining patent conversion include a shortage of professional talent,limited financing chan⁃nels,and deficiencies in traditional patent management methods.The organic integration of trusts and patent conver⁃sion can leverage the specialized management,financing,and security functions of trusts to improve patent conversion rates.However,the development of patent conversion trusts in China is restricted by gaps in the trust system's validity requirements,trustee supervision mechanisms,and beneficiary relief mechanisms.To construct an effective patent con⁃version trust system,the concept of"dual ownership"of trust property should be adopted as the institutional founda⁃tion.It is essential to clarify the"certainty"requirements for patent conversion trust property and to establish the trans⁃fer of patent rights to the trustee as a sufficient and necessary condition for the trust's effectiveness.Additionally,the qualifications of trustees for patent conversion trusts should be specified,the internal supervision system of trustees'fi⁃duciary duties should be improved,and external supervision should be enhanced by appointing patent conversion trust supervisors and dedicated regulatory departments.Furthermore,the mechanism for beneficiaries'proprietary relief should be clearly defined.

关 键 词：专利转化信托 双重所有权 信托财产 信托当事人 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]