Regulatory Impact Assessment of the EU Digital Market Surveillance and Chinese Response Plan  

欧盟数字市场监管治理的规制影响评估与中国因应策略

作　　者：Kang Lanping 康兰平(合肥工业大学文法学院,合肥230009)

机构地区：[1]School of Law,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2024年第6期127-137,共11页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

基　　金：The special project of Anhui Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(AHSKXZX2021D03)。

摘　　要：As a data protection legislation with the dual objectives of market regulation and government supervision,the EU General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR)is designed to promote the cultivation of a market for data ele⁃ments and to regulate the data processing subjects'behaviour.The civil legal norms to participate in the data market regulation are introduced,and a right-protected mode with the obligation norms of data controllers as the core is started by GDPR.However,from the perspective of GDPR's global enforcement effectiveness,as an export-orientated global standard and protection framework,the power regulation model of the EU's single digital market is facing the in⁃novative incentives of data market expansion and the tension of human rights protection.A more modest and moderate data governance regulation model has been opened by a new round of the EU digital market regulation.The legal sce⁃narios transition and digital platforms regulation more fit the regulatory demand and development goals of global digital economy development.The EU's determination to enhance the global digital market share and competitiveness is dem⁃onstrated.For China,the impact and security risks of the new round should be evaluated carefully,drawing on the ex⁃perience of the technical standpoint and institutional framework and regulatory rules of the EU digital market regula⁃tion,providing the regulatory models and Chinese solutions to respond to the EU digital market regulation,and enhanc⁃ing Chinese institutional discourse and rule-making leadership in the global digital economy.欧盟《一般数据保护条例》(GDPR)作为兼顾市场规制与政府监管双重目标导向的数据保护立法,其制度设计的初衷在于推动数据要素市场培育,对于数据处理主体的行为进行规制。GDPR引入了民事法律规范参与数据市场规制,开启了数据控制人义务规范为核心的权利保护模式。然而从GDPR在全球范围的执法效果来看,欧盟单一数字市场的权力规制模式作为外向输出型的全球标准与保护框架面临着数据市场扩张的创新激励与人权保护的张力,亟须在GDPR框架下进行适当的规制理念调适与治理模式转型。新一轮的欧盟数字市场监管开启了更为温和与和缓化的数据治理规制模式,法律场景的变迁与数字平台监管更加契合全球数字经济发展的规制需求与发展目标,彰显了欧盟致力于提升全球数字市场份额与竞争力的决心。我国应当谨慎评估欧盟新一轮数字市场监管的影响态势与安全风险,扬弃地借鉴欧盟数字市场监管的技术立场、制度框架与规制路径,提供应对欧盟数字市场监管的中国方案与规制模式,提升我国在全球数字经济领域的制度话语权与规则制定主导权。

关 键 词：EU digital market regulation GDPR regulation mode legal response 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]