新质生产力形成之问:结合马克思科学技术思想的再考量  

The Question of the Emergence of New Productive Force:A Reconsideration of Marx’s Thoughts on Science and Technology

作　　者：崔占峰[1] 任政存 王青正 CUI Zhan-feng;REN Zheng-cun;WANG Qing-zheng(School of Economics and Management,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学经济管理学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《经济问题》2024年第10期11-21,共11页On Economic Problems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“深度数字化驱动下小微商业体的场域迁移与适应性治理研究”(22BJL227);山东省社会科学规划一般项目“数商兴农背景下媒介场域异质性对农民短视频价值创造影响机制研究”(22CJJJ39)。

摘　　要：在新一轮科技革命、产业变革和生产力革命的历史交汇期,习近平总书记创新性地提出“新质生产力”概念,指明了未来一段时间内我国社会生产力的发展方向。新质生产力是对马克思主义生产力理论的守正创新,本质是适应新时代高质量发展的先进生产力。“新质”来源于传统要素更新和新要素的加入两部分。马克思对科学、技术与生产之间关系的一般理解构成了其科学技术思想的主要内容,为揭示新质生产力的形成条件和机制提供了新视角。一方面,基于科学技术的强渗透性,传统生产力的构成要素在质、量、结构和类型方面产生变化,其合力效应构成了新质生产力的形成条件。另一方面,创新推动科技进步,不仅催化传统要素更新,还起到催生新要素出现的作用,促使生产力构成要素属性发生变化,以不断增强其对新技术的适应性,两者依赖某种互动机制引致产业更新,最终导致生产力出现“新质态”,这是新质生产力形成的一般机制。基于形成条件与机制的探讨,应从推动与新质生产力相匹配的制度创新、充分释放数据要素活力、加快构筑现代化产业体系、塑造以提升创新能力为导向的人才培养机制等方面入手,汇聚因地制宜发展新质生产力的磅礴力量。At the historical convergence of a new round of scientific and technological revolution,industrial change and productivity revolution,General Secretary Xi Jinping innovatively put forward the concept of“new quality productivity”,indicating the direction of the development of China’s social productivity in the coming period.The new quality of productive forces is a correct and innovative approach to the Marxist theory of productive forces,and is essentially an advanced productive force adapted to the high-quality development of the new era.The“new quality”comes from the renewal of traditional factors and the addition of new factors.Marx’s general understanding of the relationship between science,technology and production constitutes the main content of his ideas on science and technology,and provides a new perspective for revealing the conditions and mechanisms for the formation of new quality productive forces.On the one hand,based on the strong permeability of science and technology,it makes changes in the quality,quantity,structure and type of the traditional constituent elements of productive forces,and its combined effect constitutes the conditions for the formation of new quality productive forces.On the other hand,innovation promotes scientific and technological progress,which not only catalyzes the renewal of traditional elements,but also plays the role of catalyzing the emergence of new elements,prompting changes in the attributes of the constituent elements of productivity,in order to continuously enhance the adaptability to new tech⁃nologies,and relying on some kind of interactive mechanism to lead to the renewal of industries,which ultimately results in the emergence of a“new state of quality”in the productive forces,which is the general mechanism of the formation of the new quality productive forces.This is the general mechanism of productivity formation.Based on the discussion of the formation conditions and mechanisms,we should start from promoting the system innovation matching wi

关 键 词：新质生产力 马克思科学技术论 生产力 生产关系 

分 类 号：F014.1[经济管理—政治经济学]