2016—2019年柳州市蚊媒监测结果分析  

Analysis of mosquito vector surveillance results in Liuzhou city from 2016 to 2019

作　　者：覃周维 吕榜军[2] 林媛 俞泉宇[2] 杨彦 QIN Zhouwei;LYU Bangjun;LIN Yuan;YU Quanyu;YANG Yan(Liuzhou Liutie Central Hospital,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545007,China;Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545007,China;Guilin Medical College,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]柳州市柳铁中心医院,广西柳州545007 [2]柳州市疾病预防控制中心,广西柳州545007 [3]桂林医学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2024年第5期323-328,共6页Applied Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的对2016—2019年柳州市蚊媒监测结果进行分析,了解当地蚊虫密度、种群分布及季节消长规律,为防控蚊媒传播疾病提供科学依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法和诱蚊诱卵器法,对柳州市城区的不同环境类型开展监测,参照《病媒生物密度监测方法:蚊虫》(GB/T 23797—2009)鉴定种类、性别并计数。采用SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行分析。结果2016—2019年柳州市捕获雌蚊总数为12371只,平均成蚊总密度为1.88只/(小时·灯)。成蚊总密度季节消长趋势呈双峰型,峰值分别是5月[4.04只/(小时·灯)]和9月[2.51只/(小时·灯)]。捕获蚊虫的主要种类为致倦库蚊、白纹伊蚊、中华按蚊、骚扰阿蚊,其中致倦库蚊为优势蚊种,构成比为92.23%,蚊密度为1.65只/(小时·灯)。不同环境类型中,牲畜棚成蚊总密度最高[6.07只/(小时·灯)],其次为废品回收站[3.04只/(小时·灯)];不同城区中,柳北区成蚊总密度最高[2.29只/(小时·灯)]。不同环境类型以及城区蚊种构成比差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为5855.912、410.205,P值均<0.001)。伊蚊专项监测结果显示,柳州市4~11月均有捕获伊蚊。5~8月诱蚊诱卵指数均处于较高值且大于20.00,7月达到峰值(38.34)。5类监测环境中,公园的诱蚊诱卵指数(23.27)最高;医院的诱蚊密度指数最高(0.72只/个)。不同城区中,柳北区的诱蚊诱卵指数(20.93)和诱蚊密度指数(0.80只/个)均为最高。结论致倦库蚊为柳州市的优势蚊种,牲畜棚及废品回收站为蚊虫侵害的主要场所,每年的5月和9月是成蚊密度高峰期。建议当地今后继续加强成蚊监测,持续开展科学有效的环境综合治理和防蚊灭蚊工作,防止蚊媒传染病的发生和流行。Objective To analyze the results of mosquito surveillance in Liuzhou city from 2016 to 2019,in order to understand the density,population distribution,and seasonal trend of local mosquitoes,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases.Methods Mosquito trap lamp method and mosquito ovitrap method were used to monitor different environmental types in Liuzhou city.Species and sex were identified and counted according to“Vector Density Monitoring Method:Mosquitoes”(GB/T 23797-2009).SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The total number of female mosquitoes captured in Liuzhou city from 2016 to 2019 was 12371,and the average total density of adult mosquitoes was 1.88 per hour/lamp.The seasonal trend of the total density of adult mosquitoes was bimodal,with the peak values in May[4.04 mosquitoes/hour·lamp]and September[2.51 mosquitoes/hour·lamp],respectively.The main mosquito species were Culex quinquefasciatus,Aedes albopictus,Anopheles sinensis,and Armigeres subalbatus.Culex quinquefasciatus was the dominant mosquito species with a composition ratio of 92.23%and a mosquito density of 1.65 mosquitoes per hour/lamp.Among different environmental types,the total density of adult mosquitoes in livestock sheds was the highest[6.07 mosquitoes/(hour·lamp)],followed by that in waste recycling stations[3.04 mosquitoes/(hour·lamp)].Among different urban areas,the total density of adult mosquitoes in Liubei district was the highest[2.29/(hour·lamp)].There were significant differences among different environmental types and the proportion of mosquito species in urban areas(χ^(2) value was 5855.912 and 410.205 respectively,P<0.001).The results of special monitoring of Aedes mosquitoes showed that Aedes mosquitoes were captured from April to November in Liuzhou city.The ovitrap index was high from May to August and greater than 20.00,which reached its peak in July(38.34).The mosquito-ovitrap index(23.27)in the park was the highest among the 5 monitoring enviro

关 键 词：蚊密度 种群构成 季节消长 监测 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]