光伏直流集电技术应用研究  

Research on Application of Photovoltaic DC Collector Technology

作　　者：蔡阳 陈金福 覃新宇 舒翔 何春清[2] Cai Yang;Chen Jinfu;Qin Xinyu;Shu Xiang;He Chunqing(Hubei Electric Power Planning,Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430040;School of Physics and Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430074;Zhengxun Xitong New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430040)

机构地区：[1]湖北省电力规划设计研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430040 [2]武汉大学物理科学与技术学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]正迅喜通新能源科技有限公司,湖北武汉430040

出　　处：《中外能源》2024年第11期30-34,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：提升大型光伏直流电能高效稳定汇集对提高光伏发电效率至关重要。光伏直流集电技术主要分为汇流箱集电技术和汇流母线集电技术。目前通常采用汇流箱集电技术,但随着光伏电站规模扩大,安装工程量、电力设备和耗材使用量明显增大,导致电站投资成本和运维难度增大,并且由于电能传输距离增大致使线损增大,降低了发电效率。汇流母线集电技术是依据电站实际规划精细化设计集成汇流母线,简化了安装工程量,同时由于取消了汇流箱集电环节,减少了电力设备和耗材使用量,缩短了电能传输距离,进一步提高了电能汇集效率。对比分析两种技术在100MW光伏电站建设中安装运维量和电能传输损耗的差异性。汇流母线集电技术直流电缆的使用量约为汇流箱集电技术的1/3,大幅降低了安装运维工程量和难度,从而降低了电站建设和电力设备成本。汇流母线集电技术年线损比汇流箱集电技术降低了近2/3。鉴于汇流母线定制化特性,导致母线成本随电站规模变动。随着光伏电站规模的扩大,易安装、低损耗的汇流母线集电技术有望成为光伏发电系统中光伏直流电能高效汇集的重要发展方向。Improving the efficient and stable collection of large-scale photovoltaic DC power is crucial to improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.Photovoltaic DC collector technology is mainly divided into bus box collector technology and busbar collector technology.At present,bus box collector technology is usually used.However,with the expansion of the scale of photovoltaic power stations,the installation quantities and the use of power equipment and consumables are significantly increased,resulting in increased investment costs and operation and maintenance difficulties of power stations.The increase in power transmission distance results in increased line loss,reducing the efficiency of power generation.Busbar collector technology enables a precise design of integrated busbar based on the actual planning of power stations,simplifying the installation quantities.Since bus box collector is eliminated,the use of power equipment and consumables is reduced,the power transmission distance is shortened,and the efficiency of power collection is further improved.The differences between these two technologies in terms of installation,operation and maintenance quantities and power transmission loss during the construction of 100MW photovoltaic power stations are compared and analyzed.The use of DC cables of busbar collector technology is about 1/3 of that of bus box collector technology,which greatly reduces the quantities and difficulties of installation,operation and maintenance,thus reducing the construction and power equipment costs of power stations.The annual line loss of busbar collector technology is nearly 2/3 lower than that of bus box collector technology.Due to the customized characteristics of busbar,the cost of busbar varies with the scale of power station.With the expansion of the scale of photovoltaic power stations,busbar collector technology featured with easy installation and low loss is expected to become an important development direction for the efficient collection of photovoltaic DC powe

关 键 词：光伏发电 汇流箱集电 汇流母线集电 安装工程量 线损 电能传输距离 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]