乙烯利对‘明淮3号’山药炭疽病抗性及相关基因表达的影响  

The Impact of Ethephon on Anthracnose Resistance and Related Gene Expression in Yam‘Minghuai 3’

作　　者：黄哲鸿 陈仕朋 李清 詹梦琳 陈姝樽 邓才生 叶榕弟 华树妹 Huang Zhehong;Chen Shipeng;Li Qing;Zhan Menglin;Chen Shuzun;Deng Caisheng;Ye Rongdi;Hua Shumei(Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Mountain Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvenment and Innovation Utilization for Mountainous Areas,Sanming,Fujian 365509,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市农业科学研究院/福建省(山区)作物遗传改良与创新利用重点实验室,福建三明365509

出　　处：《东南园艺》2024年第5期378-385,共8页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：三明市科技计划项目(2021-N-13)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在探究乙烯利在山药炭疽病防治中的具体施用方式,以及山药喷施乙烯利后ERF96和抗病基因表达量的变化,为山药产业绿色防控炭疽病提供参考方案。【方法】选取‘明淮3号’山药作为试验材料,通过施用不同乙烯利浓度、次数、间隔天数的单因素处理,以及施用不同乙烯利浓度、次数的双因素处理,对山药的抗病性、产量和商品薯率等指标和施用乙烯利前后ERF96和PR1基因表达量进行测定。【结果】单因素处理结果显示,乙烯利喷施3次,间隔30 d,采用0.5 mM和1 mM的浓度处理均能显著降低山药病情指数;喷施0.5 mM乙烯利,间隔30 d,2次和3次喷施均能显著降低山药病情指数,两者间无显著差异;喷施0.5 mM乙烯利3次,30 d的喷施间隔天数防治效果最佳。双因素组合试验中,综合各项指标,筛选出最有效的乙烯利喷施方式为A1B1(2次喷施0.5 mM乙烯利)防治效果为65.18%,667 m2山药产量达到3226.43 kg,商品薯率为93.78%。山药在喷施2次0.5 mM乙烯利后,ERF96和PR1基因表达量分别提高了7.6倍和1.6倍,比清水对照得到显著提高。【结论】合理使用乙烯利能提升山药的抗病性,且有利于提升产量和薯块品质,具有良好的生态效益。【Objective】The aim is to explore the specific application methods of ethephon in the prevention and control of anthracnose in yams,as well as the changes in the expression levels of ERF96 and disease resistance genes after yams are sprayed with ethephon,providing a reference plan for the green control of anthracnose in the yam industry.【Method】‘Minghuai 3’yam was selected as the experimental material.Single-factor treatments with different concentrations,frequencies,and intervals of ethephon,as well as multi-factor treatments with different concentrations and frequencies of ethephon,were applied to measure the indicators of yam disease resistance,yield,and marketable tuber rate,and to determine the expression levels of ERF96 and PR1 genes before and after ethephon application.【Result】The results of the single-factor treatments showed that spraying ethephon twice,with an interval of 30 days,using concentrations of 0.5 mM and 1 mM,could significantly reduce the yam disease index;spraying with 0.5 mM ethephon,with an interval of 30 days,both two and three times,could significantly reduce the yam disease index,with no significant difference between the two;spraying 0.5 mM ethephon three times,with an interval of 30 days,had the best control effect.In the double-factor combination trial,considering all indicators,the most effective ethephon application method was identified as A1B1(two applications of 0.5 mM ethephon)with a control effect of 65.18%,yam yield on 667 m2 reaching 3226.43 kg,and commercial yam rate of 93.78%.After two applications of 0.5 mM ethephon,the expression levels of ERF96 and PR1 genes increased by 7.6 and 1.6 times,respectively,significantly higher than those of the control treated with clear water.【Conclusion】The rational use of ethephon can enhance the disease resistance of yams,and is conducive to improving yield and quality,offering good ecological benefits.

关 键 词：山药 乙烯利 抗病性 ERF基因 产量 商品薯率 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]