零视野条件下考虑结伴行为的行人疏散研究  

Research on pedestrian evacuation considering group behavior under zero-visibility condition

作　　者：陈亮 郭志良 李永行 张健 唐铁桥[3] 陈艳艳[1] Chen Liang;Guo Zhi-Liang;Li Yong-Xing;Zhang Jian;Tang Tie-Qiao;Chen Yan-Yan(Beijing Key Laboratory of Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Army Military Transportation University,Tianjin 300161,China;School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,交通工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]陆军军事交通学院,天津300161 [3]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第21期103-115,共13页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号:72001009);国家自然科学基金重点项目(批准号:72231001)资助的课题。

摘　　要：为研究零视野条件下结伴行为对行人疏散过程的影响,本文采用可控实验与建模仿真相结合的方法,对零视野条件下结伴行人的疏散过程进行深入研究.首先,通过组织零视野条件下行人的结伴疏散实验,发现了零视野条件下结伴行人的结伴行为、听觉引导行为和沿墙行为等典型疏散行为特征.然后,考虑不同结伴模式下行人的运动行为特征以及听觉引导行为、沿墙行为对结伴疏散过程的影响机制,构建了基于元胞自动机的零视野条件下行人疏散模型.最后,利用实验结果对提出的模型进行验证,仿真研究了零视野条件下结伴行为对疏散过程的影响.结果表明,模型能有效地刻画零视野条件下结伴行人的疏散行为特征,疏散效率随结伴感知距离增加而降低.该研究可为类似场景中行人疏散策略和方案的制定提供科学依据.The influences of group behavior on pedestrian evacuation under zero-visibility conditions are analyzed in depth by combining controlled experiments with modeling and simulation in this work.Initially,by experiments on pedestrian evacuation under zero-visibility conditions,typical evacuation behaviors are identified such as group behavior,auditory guidance behavior,and wall-following behavior.The pedestrians rely on auditory information to guide their companions in the process of forming groups.Pedestrian group behavior can be divided into three modes,the walking speeds of grouped pedestrians greatly depending on their spatial positions.By comparing and analyzing the walking speeds and evacuation times of pedestrians under different grouping modes,it is found that group behavior under zero-visibility condition reduces evacuation efficiency,while walking along the walls can improve evacuation efficiency.Subsequently,considering the movement characteristics of pedestrians in different group behavior modes,the influence mechanisms of auditory guidance and wall-following behavior on the evacuation process,a pedestrian evacuation model based on cellular automata under zero-visibility conditions is developed.Finally,the proposed model is validated by using experimental results,and simulations are conducted to analyze the influences of group behavior on the evacuation process under zero-visibility conditions.By comparing and analyzing the pedestrian movement trajectories and evacuation times during both the simulation and experiment,it is verified that the model can effectively reproduce the group evacuation processes of pedestrians under zero-visibility conditions.When auditory guidance errors are considered,pedestrians exhibit wandering behaviors in their movement trajectories.In the evacuation process,the greater the distance that pedestrians can perceive each other for grouping,the higher the probability of group formation is.As a result,groups are formed earlier,which will reduce the evacuation efficiency.This indi

关 键 词：疏散实验 零视野条件 结伴行为 元胞自动机模型 

分 类 号：TP301.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]