公共科研机构绿色研发介入与企业绿色创新——基于环境外部性视角  

Green R&D Intervention of Public Research Institutions and Green Innovation of Enterprises:From the Perspective of Environmental Externalities

作　　者：王辉 冯峥 袁礼 林伟芬 WANG Hui;FENG Zheng;YUAN Li;LIN Wei-fen(School of Economics&Trade,Hunan University;School of Economics,Shenzhen University;Business School,Hunan Normal University;College of Economics&Management,South China Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院 [2]深圳大学经济学院 [3]湖南师范大学商学院 [4]华南农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2024年第9期81-99,共19页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“全产业链绿色技术扩散的理论机制、效应识别与政策优化研究”(批准号72204080);国家社会科学基金一般项目“双链融合下技术要素市场化引导创新转化的机制与路径研究”(批准号23BJL076)。

摘　　要：绿色创新的“双重外部性”导致企业绿色研发动机不足,完全依靠市场机制难以有效激励企业绿色创新,公共科研机构的绿色研发介入能对创新要素形成“绿色补贴”。本文结合企业层面的专利数据集,从“双重外部性”视角探究公共科研机构绿色研发介入对企业绿色创新的驱动效应。研究发现,公共科研机构绿色研发介入能够有效提高企业绿色创新能力。进一步研究绿色创新“双重外部性”的影响,发现环境正外部性尚未得到有效矫正时,公共科研机构绿色研发介入对企业绿色创新的提升作用更为显著。机制分析表明,公共科研机构绿色研发介入通过绿色“人才池”和“知识池”机制为企业提供绿色知识和人力资本补贴,驱动企业绿色创新。而且,由于环境正外部性未有效矫正,公共科研机构绿色研发介入更能通过绿色“人才池”和“知识池”机制显著促进企业绿色创新。此外,在绿色技术重点领域、企业主导型研发合作模式以及具备绿色研发基础的企业中,公共科研机构绿色研发介入的绿色创新驱动效应更为明显。本文有助于弥合企业从事绿色创新的私人收益与社会收益缺口,赋能企业打造绿色创新的新引擎。The“dual externalities”of green innovation leads to insufficient motivation for green R&D of enterprises,making it difficult to effectively stimulate green innovation by completely relying on the market mechanism.Therefore,there is an urgent need for the green R&D intervention of public research institutions,which can form a“green subsidy”for innovative elements and cultivate a cooperation chain of“basic study-applied R&D”in the green innovation field and promote a shift in the driving force of green innovation from capital-support to knowledge-driven.Based on the patent data at the firm level,this paper adopts the staggered difference-in-differences(DID)model to investigate the driving effect and mechanism of green R&D intervention by public research institutions on enterprises’green innovation from the perspective of“dual externalities”.This paper finds that green R&D intervention by public research institutions can effectively improve the green innovation capability of enterprises.The green R&D intervention by public research institutions has a more significant effect on the improvement of enterprises’green innovation when the positive environmental externality is not effectively corrected.Besides,the mechanism analysis shows that the green R&D intervention by public research institutions can provide subsidies on knowledge and human capital for enterprises’green innovation through the mechanisms of green“talent pool”and“knowledge pool”,thereby driving enterprises’green innovation.As the positive environmental externality has not been effectively corrected,the green R&D intervention by public research institutions can more significantly promote enterprises’green innovation through the mechanism of a green“talent pool”and“knowledge pool”.The contributions of this paper are as follows.First,this paper focuses on the impact of the green R&D intervention of public research institutions on the green innovation of cooperating enterprises.This will contribute to the further im

关 键 词：公共科研机构 绿色研发介入 绿色创新 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]