面向纵向治理平衡:国家治理体制中的一体两面——基于领导包联制的分析  

Balance for Vertical Governance: Two Aspects of National Governance System--Analysis Based on Leadership Connection System

作　　者：郝本良 王印红 Hao Benliang;Wang Yinhong

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院,山东省青岛市266100

出　　处：《政治学研究》2024年第5期137-154,M0008,共19页CASS Journal of Political Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“国家治理纵向结构中的领导包联制研究(项目编号:24AZZ005)”;中国海洋大学“谱写中国式现代化山东新篇章研究专项”的研究成果。

摘　　要：国家治理体制是一个动态平衡体。如何调适压力型体制可能引致的纵向失衡问题是保持大国治理稳定性的关键。本文以领导包联制为例,尝试与压力型体制理论展开对话,讨论国家治理体制的纵向平衡。首先,本文从典型案例入手论证了领导包联制“逆向发包”的制度逻辑,领导包联制作为“上级领导下沉赋能基层治理”的调适制度,一定程度上疏解了基层治理压力。其次,本文拓展了对于压力型体制刚性化的传统认识,认为领导包联制与压力型体制下的行政发包制和行政包干制相互补充,兼顾了国家治理的有效性与基层压力的可控性,避免了压力闭锁在基层可能产生的不稳定问题,调和了国家治理体制中施加压力的刚性体制与疏解压力的弹性制度之间的平衡,保障了基层治理的有效性与稳定性。最后,基于现有研究与领导包联制的治理经验,本文试图构建整合性的国家治理体制纵向平衡分析框架,提出压力调适下面向国家治理纵向平衡的上下互动增能体制,以期发展和完善现有理论的闭环链条,深化对系统性、多维度视角下国家治理逻辑的认识,为国家治理体系现代化建设提供理论支撑。The national governance system is a dynamic equilibrium. How to adjust the vertical imbalance caused by the pressure system is the key to maintaining the stability of great power governance. Taking the leadership connection system as an example,this paper attempts to start a dialogue with the pressure system theory to discuss the vertical balance of the national governance system. First of all,starting from typical cases,this paper demonstrates that “reverse contracting”system logic of the leadership connection system. The leadership connection system is made into an adaptive system of “sinking of superior leaders to empower grassroots governance”,which relieves the pressure of grassroots governance to a certain extent. Secondly,this paper expands the traditional understanding of the rigidity of the pressure system,leadership connection system with administrate subcontract system and administrate contract system under the pressure system,taking into account the effectiveness of national governance and the controllability of grass-roots pressure. Avoiding the instability problems that may be caused by the pressure locking at the grass-roots level. It harmonizes the balance between the rigid system that exerts pressure and the elastic system that relieves pressure in the national governance system,guarantees the effectiveness and stability of grass-roots governance.Finally,based on the existing research and governance experience of leadership connection system,this paper attempts to construct an integrated analysis framework for the vertical balance of national governance system,and proposes an up-down interactive enhancement system for the vertical balance of national governance under pressure adjustment,with a view to developing and improving the closedloop chain of existing theories and deepening the understanding of the logic of national governance from a systematic and multi-dimensional perspective. In order to provide theoretical support for the modernization of national governance system.

关 键 词：领导包联制 行政发包制 行政包干制 压力型体制 国家治理纵向平衡 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]