某铀矿液态流出物放射性调查及环境影响评价  

Radioactivity Investigation and Environmental Impact Assessment of Liquid Effluent From a Uranium Mine

作　　者：钟春明 ZHONG Chunming(Research Institute No.230,CNNC,Changsha 410007,China;Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Evaluation and Comprehensive Utilization of Associated Radioactive Mineral Resources,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业230研究所,湖南长沙410007 [2]湖南省伴生放射性矿产资源评价与综合利用工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《铀矿冶》2024年第4期119-126,共8页Uranium Mining and Metallurgy

基　　金：中国核工业地质局地质基金项目(2023-24-3)。

摘　　要：对某铀矿产生的矿井水、尾矿库流出水、工艺废水等液态流出物的放射性进行调查、分析和评价,掌握液态流出物的放射性水平和受纳水体的污染情况,评价液态流出物通过各种污染途径对当地居民造成的辐射影响。结果表明,矿井水、工艺废水和尾矿库流出水经处理后,废水中的U天然、^(226)Ra、^(210)Pb和^(210)Po的排放浓度均满足限值要求;受纳水体下游河段中的U天然浓度稍高于本底水平,^(226)Ra、^(210)Pb和^(210)Po浓度均属正常本底水平。铀矿排放的液态流出物致20 km范围内居民最大个人剂量为1.45×10^(-3)mSv/a,最大集体有效剂量为2.35×10^(-4)人·Sv/a,关键居民组为WNW方位、>2~5 km区的人口组。该铀矿液态流出物在处理达标后排入受纳水体,对当地的辐射影响较小。The radioactivity of investigation,analysis and evaluation of liquid effluent such as mine water,tailings pond effluent and process wastewater produced by a uranium mine were conducted,the radioactivity level of liquid effluent and the pollution of accepted water were mastered,and the radiation impact of liquid effluent on local residents through various pollution channels was evaluated.The results show that the discharge concentrations of U,^(226)Ra,^(210)Pb and^(210)Po in the mine water,process wastewater and tailings pond effluent meet the limit requirements.The concentration of U in the middle and lower reaches of the accepted water body is slightly higher than the background level,and the concentrations of^(226)Ra,^(210)Pb and^(210)Po are among the normal background levels.The maximum personal dose caused by liquid effluent from uranium mine was 1.45×10^(-3)mSv/a of 20 km,and the maximum collective effective dose was 2.35×10^(-4)man·Sv/a of 20 km.The key resident group was the population group of WNW orientation in the>2~5 km area.The liquid effluent of uranium mining is discharged into the receiving water after reaching the standard,which has little impact on local radiation.

关 键 词：铀矿 液态流出物 放射性 矿井水 尾矿库流出水 工艺废水 调查 评价 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TL75[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]