废弃油基钻井液的环境影响特性及其亚微米固相性质研究  

Characterization of environmental impact of waste oil-based drilling fluids and study on their submicron solid phase properties

作　　者：苏锐 黄维安[1] 江琳[1] 王婧雯 李轩 杨雄 SU Rui;HUANG Wei-an;JIANG Lin;WANG Jing-wen;LI Xuan;YANG Xiong(School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China;Daqing Oilfield Oil Production Engineering Research Institute,Daqing 163453,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]大庆油田采油工程研究院,黑龙江大庆163453

出　　处：《现代化工》2024年第11期116-122,共7页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52374026,51974351);国家自然科学基金重点课题(51991361)。

摘　　要：采用化学絮凝方法有效清除废液中亚微米固相钻井液,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪、X射线衍射仪、X射线荧光光谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等分析了固控设备处理后的废弃油基钻井液的组分、污染特性、毒性以及废液中亚微米固相的性质。结果表明,废弃油基钻井液的固相、油类含量明显超标,主要有机物为长链烷烃,占总质量的91%,无机物主要有石英石、赤铁矿、硬石膏及斜长石;废液中的镉元素、COD和BOD_(5)的含量超标,不易被生物降解,属于危险废弃物,可根据废液特征选择合适的无害化处理方式;废弃油基钻井液中固相的粒径分布在0.1~100μm,平均为4.5μm。The components,pollution characteristics,toxicity and submicron solid phase nature of the waste oil-based drilling fluid treated by the solid control equipment are analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF)and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FT-IR).It is found that the contents of solid phase and oil substances in the waste oil-based drilling fluid significantly exceeds the standard.Long-chain alkanes are main organic matters,which accounts for 91%of the total mass.The inorganic matters contained mainly consist of quartzite,hematite,hard gypsum and plagioclase feldspar.The contents of cadmium element,COD and BOD_(5) in the waste fluid exceeds the standard,which are not easy to be biodegraded and belongs to hazardous wastes.The appropriate harmless treatment method can be selected according to the waste fluid characteristics.The size of particles in the solid phase in the waste oil-based drilling fluid distributes in the range of 0.1μm to 100μm,with an average size of 4.5μm.It is recommended to remove the submicron solid phase by flocculation method.

关 键 词：废弃油基钻井液 亚微米固相 污染特性 絮凝法 无害化处理 

分 类 号：TE992.4[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]