三种方法提取龟甲胶原蛋白的理化特性比较  

Comparison of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Collagens Extracted from Tortoise Shell using Three Methods

作　　者：贺雄 於增岩 姜绍通 陆剑锋 林琳 HE Xiong;YU Zengyan;JIANG Shaotong;LU Jianfeng;LIN Lin(College of Food and Biological Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China;Key Laboratory for Agriculture Products Processing of Anhui Province,Hefei 230601,China;Engineering Research Center of Bio-process,Ministry of Education,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽省农产品精深加工重点实验室,安徽合肥230601 [3]农产品生物化工教育部工程研究中心,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《现代食品科技》2024年第10期191-199,共9页Modern Food Science and Technology

基　　金：财政部和农业部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-48);安徽现代农业产业技术体系项目(AARS-08)。

摘　　要：该文检测了中华草龟腹甲和背甲的基本成分和矿物质组成,并利用酸法、酶法和热水辅助酶法从中提取胶原蛋白(分别为ASC、PSC和H-PSG),然后通过紫外光谱、红外光谱、SDS-PAGE电泳、氨基酸分析和扫描电镜等方法对胶原蛋白的理化特性进行表征。结果表明,龟甲中含有大量蛋白质(22.06%~22.50%)、钙(16004.25~16592.50 mg/100 g)、磷(6014.25~6188.25 mg/100 g)。三种方法提取胶原蛋白的得率依次为0.45%~0.51%(ASC),4.38%~4.75%(H-PSG)和1.47%~1.56%(PSC)。6种胶原蛋白的最大紫外吸收峰均出现在220~226 nm,红外图谱和SDS电泳图谱显示ASC和PSC均为Ⅰ型胶原蛋白,拥有较高的纯度保留了较为完整的三螺旋结构,但H-PSG已变性为明胶并部分水解为胶原蛋白肽。6种胶原蛋白氨基酸组成基本一致,拥有丰富的甘氨酸(18.19%~24.10%)和脯氨酸(12.52%~15.05%)。从微观结构上看,ASC拥有更好的三维网状结构。综上所述,中华草龟腹甲和背甲胶原蛋白在组成与性质方面没有显著差异,不同的提取方法对龟甲胶原蛋白得率、组成和结构方面有一定的影响。The basic and mineral compositions of the ventral and dorsal shells of tortoise(Chinemys reevesii)were analyzed,and collagens(ASC,PSC,and H-PSG)were extracted from shell samples using acid,enzymatic,and hot-water assisted enzymatic methods.Subsequently,the physical and chemical properties of the extracted collagens were characterized through ultraviolet spectrometry,infrared spectrometry,SDS-PAGE,amino acid analysis,and scanning electron microscopy.The results indicated that tortoise shells had high protein(22.06%~22.50%),calcium(16004.25~16592.50 mg/100 g),and phosphorus(6014.25~6188.25 mg/100 g)contents.ASC,H-PSG,and PSC yields were 0.45%~0.51%,4.38%~4.75%,and 1.47%~1.56%,respectively.The maximum absorption peaks of ASC,H-PSG,and PSC extracted from ventral and dorsal shell samples appeared at 220~226 nm.The infrared spectra and SDS-PAGE patterns showed that ASC and PSC were both typeⅠcollagen with high purity and a relatively intact triple-helix structure,but H-PSG had degenerated into gelatin and had been partially hydrolyzed to collagen peptide.ASC,H-PSG,and PSC extracted from the ventral and dorsal shell samples had essentially the same amino acid composition,with abundant glycine(18.19%~24.10%)and proline(12.52%~15.05%).In terms of microstructure,ASC exhibited a superior three-dimensional network structure compared to H-PSG and PSC.In conclusion,the collagens extracted from the ventral and dorsal shells of tortoise using the same methods showed no significant difference in composition or properties;however,different extraction methods affected the yield,composition,and structure of collagens extracted from tortoise shells.

关 键 词：中华草龟 背甲 腹甲 胶原蛋白 提取 

分 类 号：TQ936.2[化学工程]