地理学视角的乡村吸引力研究框架与重要议题  

Theoretical framework and important issues of rural attraction:An integrated geographical perspective

作　　者：周国华[1,2,3] 谭华云 殷章馨 ZHOU Guohua;TAN Huayun;YIN Zhangxin(School of Geographic Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Hunan KeyLaboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application,Changsha 410081,China;Key Laboratory ofProcess and Effect of Urban-Rural Transition,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;School of Geography and Planning,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Resource Utilization in Beibu Gulf,Ministry of Education,Nanning 530001,China;Business School of Hunan First Normal University,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学地理科学学院,长沙410081 [2]地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410081 [3]湖南师范大学城乡转型过程与效应重点实验室,长沙410081 [4]南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院室,南宁530001 [5]北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南宁530001 [6]湖南第一师范学院商学院,长沙410205

出　　处：《地理学报》2024年第10期2460-2476,共17页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971224,42361033)。

摘　　要：乡村吸引力是表征流动情境的乡村地域系统功能的重要指标,是乡村地理学理论研究的前沿领域。基于对乡村吸引力的研究进展与理论基础的回溯,从地理学视角建构乡村吸引力的理论框架,阐释其重要议题。①乡村吸引力研究从对吸引力乡村的零散阐述和乡村吸引力的单维分析,转向城乡交互作用的乡村吸引力概念、机制与评价体系的探索。人地关系地域系统理论、引力定律与引力模型、人口迁移理论与吸引物权理论,可为乡村吸引力研究提供理论支撑与观点启发。②围绕乡村吸引力“是何—如何—因何—能何”等科学问题,朝向“理论发展—服务实践—方法指导”的框架目标,以乡村地理学时空综合理论范式及其方法体系为支撑,建构乡村吸引力的理论框架。③从时空过程视角,解析基于乡村地域系统本底的、空间交互作用的乡村吸引力概念内涵;依据乡村吸引力的概念内涵与测评原理,建构乡村吸引力的测度框架;从空间关联和尺度转换的视角,识别乡村吸引力的地域类型与空间结构;遵循系统思维思维和尺度思想,探究乡村吸引力的内生发展机理和外源嵌入机制;考量历史过程和空间异质性,探讨乡村吸引力的提升路径与政策建议。研究旨在推进乡村吸引力的“时—空—人—地”综合分析,为乡村振兴战略实施与宜居宜业和美乡村建设提供理论借鉴与政策启示。Rural attraction is an important indicator of the functions of the rural regional system during flow situations.This theoretical topic in rural development has been discussed within multiple disciplines,but lacks systematic research.Nevertheless,it has become a cutting-edge theoretical research topic in the field of rural geography.Following the research progress and theoretical foundations of rural attraction,this paper constructs a theoretical framework for rural attraction from a geographical perspective,and explains five of its most important issues.(1)The research literature on rural attraction has shifted from fragmented elaborations on the qualities of attractive villages and the unidimensional analysis of rural attraction to the exploration of its concept,mechanism,and evaluation system in terms of urban-rural interactions.The theories underlying the rural regional system of human-environment interactions,gravity,population migration,and attraction property rights,can provide a theoretical foundation and inspiration for the research on rural attraction.(2)Focusing on scientific issues in rural attraction,such as"what is-how-why-how to",and moving toward the framework goal of"theoretical innovation,serving practice,and methodological guidance,"a theoretical framework for rural attraction is constructed with the support of spatiotemporal considerations,a comprehensive theoretical paradigm,and the methods used in the field of rural geography.(3)Five important issues experienced during efforts to improve rural attraction were analyzed.First,we analyzed the conceptual connotations of rural attraction based on the background of rural regional systems and spatial interactions from the perspective of spatiotemporal processes.Second,we constructed a measurement framework for rural attraction based on these conceptual connotations and evaluation principles.Third,we identified the regional types and spatial structures of rural attraction from the perspectives of spatial correlations and scale transformation.Fourth,f

关 键 词：乡村吸引力 乡村地域系统 乡村振兴 城乡融合 城乡要素流动 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学] D422.6[政治法律—政治学] F323[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]