1990—2019年中国省际铁路货运网络演化及空间关联特征  

Evolution and spatial correlation characteristics of inter-provincial rail freight transport network in China from 1990 to 2019

作　　者：吴思雨 钟业喜[1,2,3] 李建新 WU Siyu;ZHONG Yexi;LI Jianxin(School of Geography and Environment,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research,Ministry ofEducation,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Jiangxi Institute ofRegional Development,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌330022 [2]江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌330022 [3]江西师范大学江西经济发展研究院,南昌330022

出　　处：《地理学报》2024年第10期2548-2566,共19页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41961043,42201187)。

摘　　要：国内大循环在新发展格局下对社会经济发展发挥着重要作用。基于中国省际铁路货运数据,从节点特征、空间关联、邻近性3个方面探讨省际铁路货运网络结构的时空演化特征。研究发现:①中国省际铁路货运网络节点中心性服从幂律分布,集聚特征明显。出—入度空间组合差异大,形成中西部向东部输送货物的格局,东北、华北处于高出高入区域,低出低入集中在闽新轴带西南侧,高出低入集中在内蒙古、山西、陕西,低出高入分散分布。②空间关联具有明显的集聚性和空间指向性,“马太效应”明显,东—中—西地域分异性和梯度推移特征显著,路径依赖与路径锁定并存,呈现“中心—外围”和“点—轴串珠”的组织模式,但空间结构不明显,未形成“菱形结构”。③板块角色合理且稳定,省际铁路货运网络互惠性好。双向溢出板块集中在东北和华北,净受益板块集中在西南,经纪人板块由长三角向闽新轴带转移,净溢出板块省份数量少,呈分散分布。④区域邻近、实地距离、社会距离、文化距离对省际铁路货运影响显著,经济距离影响不显著,社会距离和文化距离对省际铁路货运的影响趋于下降,空间邻近和产业距离对省际铁路货运的影响程度呈上升态势。Against the backdrop of new development,the domestic circulation plays a critical role in boosting social and economic development.Based on inter-provincial rail freight data,this paper explores the evolution characteristics of the inter-provincial rail freight network structure on three fronts:node characteristics,spatial association and proximity.The results show that:(1)Network node centrality obeys a power-law distribution with obvious clustering characteristics.There are obvious spatial differences in outdegree and indegree,showing the pattern of sending goods from the central and western regions to the eastern region.The areas with both high indegree and outdegree are located in North and Northeast China.Low outdegree and indegree provinces are concentrated to the southwest of the Fujian-Xinjiang Axis Belt,while high outdegree and low indegree provinces are mainly in Inner Mongolia,Shanxi and Shaanxi.Low outdegree and high indegree provinces present a pattern of scattered distribution.(2)The spatial association has obvious clustering and spatial directionality,with a significant'Matthew effect'.East-Central-West geographical heterogeneity and gradient nudging characteristics are significant,and path dependence and path locking coexist.The organization models of inter-provincial freight network are characterized by core-periphery and pole-axis.However,the spatial structure feature is not obvious and it does not present a rhombic distribution.(3)The roles of sectors are reasonable and stable,with good reciprocity in interprovincial freight trade.The bidirectional spillover sector is concentrated in Northeast and North China,net beneficiary sector is mainly in Southwest China,broke sector has shifted from the Yangtze River Delta to the Fujian-Xinjiang Axis Belt,and there are few net spillover sector provinces scattered.Regional proximity,geographic distance,social distance and cultural distance have significant effects on inter-provincial trade,but economic distance does not have.(4)The impact of social and cu

关 键 词：省际铁路货运网络 网络结构 时空演化特征 组织模式 邻近性 中国 

分 类 号：U294.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]