平武白马语的致使结构  

Causative Constructions in Pingwu Baima

作　　者：冯诗涵 FENG Shihan

机构地区：[1]贵州大学外国语学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《民族语文》2024年第4期104-116,共13页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程学者资助计划“藏语康方言的调查与描写(XJ2022007)”;国家社科基金西部项目“濒危白马语参考语法研究(20XYY032)”;贵州大学人文社会科学-般课题“白马语疑问范畴与否定范畴的互通性研究(GDYB2022006)”的资助。

摘　　要：本文主要讨论平武白马语致使结构的构成形式、语义类别、形式一语义关系,同时对中国境内29种藏缅语族语言和方言的致使形式类型进行了比较。平武白马语致使系统的表达以具有能产性的分析手段为主,尤其是主从句式和后置词式。词汇型和形态型致使形式不具有能产性,使用频率较低。间接致使义、协同致使义主要采用分析手段表达。直接致使义主要以词汇型、形态型致使形式表达,但词汇空缺也引起了致使形式和语义之间的“错配”,使得主从句式也可表达直接致使义。This paper examines the forms,semantic types,and form-meaning correlations of causative constructions in the Pingwu variety of the Baima language.It also compares the types of causative forms found in 29 Tibeto-Burman languages and dialects in China.The productive analytic type in Pingwu Baima,particularly the biclausal complex causative structure and postpositional marking,is the primary means for causative expression.The lexical and morphological types of causative forms exhibit non-productivity and lower usage frequency.Indirect and sociative causation are primarily expressed by the analytic types,while direct causation predominantly employs the lexical and morphological types.Nonetheless,lexical gaps may result in mismatches between causative forms and meanings expressed,and thus the biclausal complex causative structure is allowed to convey direct causation.

关 键 词：白马语 致使结构 分析型致使 同根词汇型致使 

分 类 号：H289[语言文字—少数民族语言]