全媒时代的文艺批评  

Literary Criticism in the Age of Total Media

作　　者：汪涌豪[1] WANG Yonghao

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中文系

出　　处：《社会科学》2024年第10期226-232,共7页Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：作为传媒与文艺相结合的产物,媒体批评以其时效性、对话性与交互性特点,弥补了专业批评与协会批评的不足,但因门槛较低,其发展生态不尽如人意,更在市场化运作中暴露出视野缺损与主体缺位的问题。一些媒体从业者缺乏自觉的批评意识和严正的批评立场,跟进式学习动力又相对匮乏,使得其所作批评难免格式化、扁平化,由此造成批评的“失范”与“失效”。尤其在数字化时代,技术转向形成的“全媒体”时空架构重构了文艺生产与传播的环境,使媒体批评更趋活跃,形式也更丰富。然而在技术、资本的他律下,其自主性和责任担当的不足也显现出来。故随着人工智能驱动的全媒体时代的到来,媒体批评须注意不能失去方向感和判断力,不能缺失理想,尤须保持对文艺的信仰,服膺精神的力量,同时加强理论建设与体系构建,这样才能克服碎片化和娱乐化,落实开放性与包容性,才能以深厚的学养、纯正的趣味和敏锐的感悟发掘优质文艺,打开真正契合大众需求、又超越其日常认知的审美空间,从而在最大限度地激活媒体这个“第五要素”的基础上,发挥价值导向与思想引领作用,在推动文艺的动态平衡与良性发展中重建批评主体、繁荣批评事业。As a fusion of media and literature,media criticism_characterized by its timeliness,dialogue,and interactivity—compensates for the shortcomings of professional and association criticism.However,due to its low entry barrier,its development has not been entirely satisfactory,often revealing issues such as limited vision and a lack of subjectivity under market-driven operations.Many media practitioners lack a conscious critical awareness and a serious stance,leading to a deficiency in motivation for further learning.As a result,their criticism often becomes formulaic and superficial,rendering it“anomic”and“ineffective”.In the digital age,the“all-media”spatial and temporal structure shaped by technological advancements has reconstructed the landscape of literary production and dissemination,making media criticism more dynamic and diverse in form.However,within the constraints of technological and capital-driven mechanisms,a lack of autonomy and responsibility has also emerged.With the advent of the all-media era,propelled by artificial intelligence,media criticism must guard against losing its sense of direction and judgment.It is crucial to preserve ideals,particularly a commitment to literature and the arts,uphold the power of the spirit,and reinforce theoretical foundations and institutional frameworks.It is by doing so can media criticism overcome fragmentation and commercialization,implement openness and inclusiveness,and uncover literature and art of high quality with profound knowledge,genuine interest,and sharp insight,unlocking aesthetic spaces that not only meet but also transcend the public’s expectations.Only in this way can media criticism fulfill its role as a guide for values and a leader of thought,maximize its potential as the“fifth element”,enable itself to re-establish its critical authority and contribute to the flourishing and dynamic balance of literature and art’s healthy development.

关 键 词：媒体批评 技术转向 全媒体 批评主体 参与式文化 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]