基于湍流理论的涡旋压缩机轴向间隙泄漏研究  

Research on Axial Clearance Leakage of Scroll Compressor Based on Turbulence Model

作　　者：王建吉[1,2] 刘涛[2] WANG Jian-ji;LIU Tao(School of Intelligent Manufacturing Department,Longdong University,Qingyang 745000,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]陇东学院智能制造学院,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]兰州理工大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《压缩机技术》2024年第5期7-12,共6页Compressor Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52265034);甘肃省高等学校青年博士基金项目(2022QB-167);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR11RM041)。

摘　　要：针对涡旋压缩机轴向间隙泄漏控制问题,定量计算轴向间隙泄漏,为了更加接近工程实际,在考虑转速、温度、气体粘度等因素基础上,基于湍流理论,建立了完整的涡旋压缩机间隙泄漏量理论计算模型。分析了影响轴向间隙泄漏的关键参数,便于通过优化参数以达到控制间隙泄漏的目的,同时为了验证理论计算模型的可靠性,搭建模拟涡旋压缩机试验测试平台,测试了定转速不同间隙和定间隙不同转速下的泄漏量值,并与理论计算结果相比较。结果表明:涡旋压缩机高低压腔压力差与泄漏量成正比,当主轴转速不变,间隙为0.020 mm时,测试值与计算结果拟合较好,并且随着压差增大,泄漏量逐渐减小,说明通过增大压差可以降低间隙泄漏量;当间隙不变时,主轴转速越高,间隙泄漏量越小,当转速大于3500 r/min时,实测值与计算值开始啮合,并且转速越高,啮合度越高。说明基于湍流模型所建立的泄漏量计算模型可靠。通过定量准确计算轴向间隙泄漏量,为降低涡旋压缩机泄漏提供理论依据,也为涡旋压缩机推广应用提供帮助。To control axial clearance leakage of scroll compressor,the axial clearance leakage is quantitatively calculated.In order to get closer to the engineering practice,a complete theoretical calculation model for the clearance leakage of scroll compressor is established based on turbulence theory,considering factors such as speed,temperature and gas viscosity.The key parameters affecting the axial clearance leakage were analyzed,so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the clearance leakage by optimizing the parameters.Meanwhile,in order to verify the reliability of the theoretical calculation model,a simulation scroll compressor test platform was built,and the leakage value under different clearance and different speed of the fixed clearance was tested,and the theoretical calculation results were compared.The results show that the pressure difference of the high and low pressure cavity of scroll compressor is proportional to the leakage amount.When the spindle speed is unchanged and the clearance is 0.020 mm,the measured value fits well with the calculated results.Moreover,the leakage amount gradually decreases with the increase of the pressure difference,indicating that the gap leakage amount can be reduced by increasing the pressure difference.When the clearance is constant,the higher the spindle speed,the smaller the clearance leakage.When the speed is greater than 3500 r/min,the measured value and the calculated value begin to mesh,and the higher the speed,the higher the meshing degree.It shows that the leakage calculation model based on turbulence model is reliable.The quantitative and accurate calculation of axial clearance leakage provides a theoretical basis for reducing the leakage of scroll compressor,and also provides help for the popularization and application of scroll compressor.

关 键 词：涡旋压缩机 湍流 间隙 泄漏 

分 类 号：TH45[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]