溶藻菌与改性黏土对中肋骨条藻去除效果及机理的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Removal Efficiency and Mechanisms by Algicidal Bacteria and Modified Clay on Skeletonema costatum

作　　者：徐彬丽 贾丽萍 田永强 邹毅彬 黄旭光 李媛媛 陈小煌 XU Binli;JIA Liping;TIAN Yongqiang;ZOU Yibin;HUANG Xuguang;LI Yuanyuan;CHEN Xiaohuang(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Environment,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Monitoring and Control,Zhangzhou 363000,China;Xiamen Environmental Monitoring Center Station,Xiamen 361022,China;School of Biological Science and Biotechnology,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学化学化工与环境学院,福建漳州363000 [2]污染监测与控制福建省高校重点实验室,福建漳州363000 [3]福建省厦门环境监测中心站,福建厦门361022 [4]闽南师范大学生物科学与技术学院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期219-226,共8页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2021J05195,2022J05174);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT200294,JZ230029);福建省环保科技计划项目(2024R018)。

摘　　要：以中国近海典型赤潮藻中肋骨条藻为对象:比较研究了一株类芽孢杆菌属溶藻菌发酵制备的生物絮凝剂和改性黏土的除藻效果;通过扫描电镜观察、Zeta电位、叶绿素荧光特征、溶解性有机质(DOM)组成特征分析,探讨它们的除藻机理。结果表明,两种除藻方法对中肋骨条藻的去除效果高效,24 h去除率均超过94%,但除藻机理存在显著差异:改性黏土通过电中和作用迅速絮凝藻细胞,而溶藻菌则通过直接或间接的方式(如抑制藻类光合作用)裂解并杀死藻细胞。与改性黏土相比,溶藻菌在除藻过程中会产生溶解性微生物产物、类蛋白质和类富里酸等藻源DOM组分,但这些组分会随时间推移被溶藻菌降解或吸收。为应急性联合控藻技术的开发及在赤潮防治领域的应用提供了新思路。This study focused on the typical red tide alga Skeletonema costatum in coastal waters of China,comparing the algal removal efficiency of a bioflocculant derived from a strain of algicidal bacteria Paebubacillus sp.and that of chemically modified clay.Through scanning electron microscopy,Zeta potential analysis,chlorophyll fluorescence characterization,and dissolved organic matter(DOM)composition analysis,the algal removal mechanisms underlying these two methods were explored.The results demonstrated that both methods effectively removed S.costatum,with removal rates exceeding 94%within 24 hours.However,significant differences exist in the two mechanisms:modified clay rapidly coagulates algal cells through electrostatic neutralization,whereas the algicidal bacteria disrupts and kills algal cells directly or indirectly(e.g.,through photosynthetic inhibition).Compared to modified clay,the algal removal process of algicidal bacteria generates algal DOM,such as soluble microbial products,protein-like substances,and fulvic acid-like components,which are subsequently degraded or assimilated over time.These results offer new avenues for the development of emergency integrated algal control technologies and their applications in red tide mitigation.

关 键 词：赤潮 中肋骨条藻 溶藻菌 改性黏土 除藻机理 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]