栽培与野生七叶一枝花土壤微生物多样性研究  

Differentiations between Microbes in Cultivated and Wild Paris Polyphylla Field Soils

作　　者：苏海兰[1] 郑梅霞[1] 江保东 林凤芳 陈宏[1] 朱育菁[1] 朱雁鸣 牛雨晴 SU Hailan;ZHENG Meixia;JIANG Baodong;LIN Fengfang;CHEN Hong;ZHU Yujing;ZHU Yanming;NIU Yuqing(Institute of Crop Sciences,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Fujian Germplasm Resources Center),Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;Jinggangshan Forestry Bureau,Jinggangshan,Jiangxi 343600,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所(福建省种质资源中心),福建福州350013 [2]井冈山市林业局长坪林场,江西井冈山343600

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2024年第8期993-1005,共13页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：南平市科技计划项目(N2022T021);福建省科技计划重大专项(2022NZ029017);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(CXTD2021014-2)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明栽培与野生七叶一枝花土壤细菌群落组成的差异。【方法】采用illumina miseq 2×300 bp高通量测序对栽培与野生七叶一枝花土壤的细菌16S rRNA基因序列进行测序分析;同时,利用LDA Effect Size(LEfSE)软件对组间群落微生物丰富度的差异分析,比较栽培与野生七叶一枝花土壤细菌群落组成的差异,明确影响2种栽培模式的重要微生物门类。【结果】七叶一枝花土壤中的微生物组成中,野生七叶一枝花土壤细菌种类优于栽培七叶一枝花土壤。丰富度指数(Ace和Chao)和多样性指数(Shannon和Simpson)分析表明,野生七叶一枝花土壤细菌群落更具有更高的丰富性和多样性。在门水平,栽培和野生七叶一枝花土壤细菌群落具有显著差异的门包括Firmicutes、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)和螺旋菌门(Spirochaetae);显著差异的属包括芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)、纤线杆菌属(Ktedonobacter)和类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus)等。利用LEfSE软件对组间群落微生物丰富度的差异分析发现,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)是野生七叶一枝花土壤样本中的优势菌门,优势属包括芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)、类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus)、Tumebacillus、Mucilaginibacter、硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)、Shimazuella和Singulisphaera;栽培七叶一枝花土壤样本中起到重要作用的门水平细菌群落是装甲菌门(Armatimonadetes),属水平细菌群落是Bryobacter、Aquicella和纤线杆菌属(Ktedonobacter)。相关性分析结果表明,土壤pH与土壤全钾是影响七叶一枝花土壤微生物群落多样性的主要因素。【结论】不同栽培模式和土壤养分影响七叶一枝花土壤微生物多样性,为七叶一枝花的栽培管理与维护提供参考。【Objective】Diversity of the microbial communities in soils of cultivated and wild Paris polyphylla var.chinensis fields were compared.【Method】Total DNA of the microbes on cultivated land grown P.polyphylla plants or at field of the plants in the wild were sequenced using high throughput Illumina Miseq(2×300 bp).Structure and abundance of the microbial communities in soils of the fields were comparatively analyzed by LDA Effect Size.【Result】The microbial diversity of the wild P.polyphylla lots was richer than the cultivated land.The Chao,Ace,Shannon,and Simpson indexes of the wild P.polyphylla soil were higher than the cultivated counterparts.The communities significantly differed on the abundant phyla of Firmicutes,Nitrospirae,and Spirochaetae,and on the genera of Bacillus,Ktedonobacter,and Paenibacillus.LDA Effect Size showed Firmicutes and Nitrospirae to be the predominant phyla,while Bacillus,Paenibacillus,Tumebacillus,Mucilaginibacter,Nitrospira,Shimazuella,and Singulisphaera the dominant genera in the wild.In the cultivated soil,the Armatimonadetes phylum and the Bryobacter,Aquicella,and Ktedonobacter genera predominated the community.pH and total potassium content of soil were the critical factors affecting the diversity of a microbial community.【Conclusion】Cultivation and soil nutrients significantly differentiated the microbial composition at a P.polyphylla field.

关 键 词：七叶一枝花 根际 土壤 宏基因组 多样性 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]