高渗透率新能源发电并网变流器跟网/构网混合模式控制综述  

Review on Grid-following/Grid-forming Hybrid Mode Control for Grid-connected Converter in High Penetration Rate of Renewable Energy Generation

作　　者：张兴[1] 战祥对 吴孟泽 韩峰[1] 付新鑫 李明[1] ZHANG Xing;ZHAN Xiangdui;WU Mengze;HAN Feng;FU Xinxin;LI Ming(National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Renewable Energy Access to Grid Technology(Hefei University of Technology),Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]可再生能源接入电网技术国家地方联合工程实验室(合肥工业大学),安徽省合肥市230009

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第21期1-15,共15页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U23A20655);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(52207211);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(JZ2024HGTB0259)。

摘　　要：随着新能源发电渗透率的不断提升,目前以跟网型控制为主流的并网变流器稳定运行受到严峻挑战,具有主动电网支撑能力且弱电网稳定性强的构网型变流器控制技术受到广泛关注。然而,在高渗透率新能源发电条件下,尤其是末端弱电网中,并网变流器采用单一的跟网或构网模式控制难以兼顾稳定性、经济性和电网支撑性能。为此,国内外学者从2种模式的互补特性出发,提出并研究了跟网/构网混合模式控制策略,以期使并网变流器在弱电网下稳定运行的同时,最大限度地利用新能源,并取得优越的电网支撑性能。文中首先从跟网型与构网型变流器的基本控制结构出发,分析了跟网型和构网型变流器控制性能的互补特性;在此基础上,重点梳理了几种不同技术路线的混合模式控制方案,涉及多种单机混合控制策略和多机的场站级混合控制策略,并详细阐述了各方案的技术研究思路、原理和优缺点;最后,对跟网/构网混合模式控制技术的发展进行了展望。With the increasing penetration rate of renewable energy generation,the stable operation of grid-connected converters with grid-following control as the mainstream has been severely challenged.Therefore,the control technologies of grid-forming converters with active support capability for the power grid and strong stability in the weak power grid have received much attention.However,under the conditions of high penetration rate of renewable energy generation,especially in the terminal weak grid,it is difficult for the grid-connected converters to balance stability,economy,and power grid support performance by using a single grid-following or grid-forming mode control.Based on the complementary characteristics of the two modes,scholars at home and abroad have proposed and studied the grid-following/grid-forming hybrid mode control strategy,to make the gridconnected converters operate stably in the weak power grid,maximize the use of renewable energy,and achieve superior power grid support performance.Starting from the basic control structures of grid-following and grid-forming converters,this paper analyzes the complementary characteristics of the control performance of grid-following and grid-forming converters.On this basis,the hybrid mode control schemes of several different technical routes are sorted out,involving a variety of single-machine hybrid control strategies and multi-machine station-level hybrid control strategies.The technical research idea,principle,advantages,and disadvantages of each scheme are elaborated in detail.Finally,the development of grid-following/grid-forming hybrid mode control technologies is prospected.

关 键 词：新能源发电 高渗透率 并网变流器 跟网型变流器 构网型变流器 混合模式控制 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]