模拟致密油藏条件下复合射孔系统的试验评价  

Experimental evaluation of a combined perforation system under simulated tight reservoir conditions

作　　者：陈书豪 陈志德 林立明 梁豪 李必红 杨翕智 CHEN Shuhao;CHEN Zhide;LIN Liming;LIANG Hao;LI Bihong;YANG Xizhi(CNOOC Energy Development Co.,Ltd.,Engineering Technology Shenzhen Branch,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518064,China;Wuhua Energy Technology Co.,Ltd,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710061,China;Hainan Branch of CNOOC(China)Co.,Ltd.,Haikou,Hainan 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术深圳分公司,广东深圳518064 [2]物华能源科技有限公司,陕西西安710061 [3]中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司,海南海口570100

出　　处：《油气井测试》2024年第5期21-27,共7页Well Testing

基　　金：中海油“十四五”重大科技项目“海上深层/超深层油气勘探技术”(KJGG2022-0406)

摘　　要：为评估内置式复合射孔在致密储层中的射孔效能,按照API-RP 19B标准的Part-IV程序研制了模拟储层复杂压力条件下的射孔试验装置,并设计了一套试验评价方法。选用与实际储层岩石物性特征相近的致密砂岩靶,采用114型射孔弹在模拟储层围压、孔隙压力和井筒压力条件下进行射孔试验,使用CT扫描和铸体薄片分析进行孔道效能的分析,结果显示,在储层压力条件下,内置式复合射孔对聚能射流存在干扰作用,致使穿孔深度降低,但具有一定的扩孔作用,岩石的单轴抗压强度越低,孔隙度越大,其扩孔效果越明显;内置式复合射孔应用分仓爆炸的设计思路,聚能、后效的两级做功,使孔道末端形成多条40~100 mm的裂缝,岩心平均面孔率增大1.25倍,疏松地层孔隙,有效的提高了近井地带的流动系数,扩大渗流面积,有利于井的增产增注与后续储层改造措施的实施。To evaluate the perforation efficiency of an internal combined perforation system in tight reservoirs,a perforation test device simulating complex reservoir pressure conditions was developed according to the API-RP 19B Part-IV procedures.Furthermore,a set of experimental evaluation methods was also designed.By using tight sandstone targets with physical properties similar to actual reservoir rocks and 114-type perforating charges,perforation tests were conducted under simulated reservoir confining pressure,pore pressure,and wellbore pressure conditions.CT scanning and thin section casting analysis were performed to analyze perforation channel efficiency.The results show that,under reservoir pressure conditions,the internal combined perforation system interferes with the shaped charge jet,reducing penetration depth but exhibiting a certain degree of hole enlargement effect.The lower the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock and the greater the porosity,the more pronounced the hole enlargement effect.The internal combined perforation system,designed with a compartmentalized explosion concept,uses two stages of energy—shaped charge and post-effect—which create multiple fractures of 40 to 100 mm at the end of the perforation channels.The average pore rate of the cores increased by 1.25 times,loosening the formation and effectively enhancing the flow coefficient in the near-wellbore region.This expansion of the flow area is beneficial for boosting well productivity and injectivity,as well as facilitating subsequent reservoir stimulation measures.

关 键 词：模拟储层射孔 复合射孔 致密油气藏 增效体 流动效率 损伤评价 射孔效能 

分 类 号：TE257.1[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]