基于可穿戴技术的运动员长期睡眠—觉醒行为的监测与分析  

Long-term Sleep-wake Behavior Monitoring and Analysis of Athletes Based on Wearable Technology

作　　者：徐小凤 戴剑松[1] 陈钢锐 吕嘉乐 肖扬[1] XU Xiaofeng;DAI Jiansong;CHEN Gangrui;LV Jiale;XIAO Yang(Department of Sport and Health Science,Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China;Department of Sports Science Research,Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院运动健康学院,江苏南京210014 [2]南京体育学院体育科学研究院,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报》2024年第9期47-52,68,共7页Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute

基　　金：江苏省体育局重大体育科研项目(ST231205)。

摘　　要：目的:睡眠是运动员恢复的重要组成部分。研究旨在通过长期监测分析击剑队运动员的睡眠—觉醒行为,为制订个性化训练和生活计划提供参考。方法:使用华为手环6在2023年4~9月期间收集了23名击剑运动员的睡眠数据。监测所获得的睡眠参数包括入睡时间、出睡时间、深睡时长、浅睡时长、快速眼动时长、清醒时长和白天睡眠时长。在此期间,除比赛时期外,要求运动员每天24 h连续佩戴手环(洗澡及充电时间除外)。运动员每天通过专用APP将数据上传至HUAWEI Research云平台,研究人员随后从云平台下载并分析这些数据。结果:击剑运动员的平均夜间睡眠时长为7.97 h,不同性别运动员的睡眠参数无显著差异,水平高的运动员与运动等级低的运动员相比,除出睡时间(P=0.015)和睡眠中点(P=0.048)外,其他睡眠参数无显著差异;女运动员午睡频率显著高于男运动员(X^(2)=3.88,P=0.049),运动等级较高的运动员午睡频率显著高于运动等级低的运动员(X^(2)=11.97,P=0.001),白天小睡时长与晚上睡眠时长呈负相关(r=-0.270,P<0.001);观察星期一至星期日运动员睡眠—觉醒行为的变化,在没有早晨训练的星期一、星期三和星期五,运动员的出睡时间和睡眠中点显著后移,且训练日与休息日的睡眠参数存在显著差异。结论:击剑运动员的睡眠—觉醒行为受运动等级和训练计划安排的影响,并且在击剑运动员中存在睡眠节律紊乱的现象。Objective:Sleep is an important part of athlete recovery.The aim of the study was to analyze the sleep-wake behavior of fencing team athletes through long-term monitoring to inform the development of individualized training and life plans.Methods:Sleep data of 23 fencers were collected between April and September 2023 using Huawei Band 6.The sleep parameters obtained from the monitoring included sleep onset time,wake-up time,deep sleep duration,light sleep duration,awake duration,REM duration,nap duration,and total sleep duration.During this period,athletes were required to wear the band continuously 24 hours a day(except during bathing and charging time),except for the competition period.Athletes uploaded their data to the HUAWEI Research cloud platform via a dedicated app every day,from which researchers then downloaded and analyzed the data.Results:The average night sleep duration of fencers is 7.97 h.There were no significant differences in sleep parameters between athletes of different genders.There were no significant differences in sleep parameters between athletes with high level and athletes with low sport level,except for wake-up time(P=0.015)and the midpoint of sleep(P=0.048).The frequency of naps was significantly higher in female athletes than in male athletes(X^(2)=3.88,P=0.049),and the frequency of naps in athletes with high level of sports was significantly higher than that of athletes with low level of sports(X^(2)=11.97,P=0.001).The nap duration was negatively correlated with nighttime sleep duration(r=-0.270,P<0.001).Athletes were observed for changes in sleep-wake behavior from Monday to Sunday,and on Mondays,Wednesdays,and Fridays,when there was no morning training,the athletes’wake-up time and the midpoint of sleep were shifted significantly backward,and there were significant differences in sleep parameters between training days and rest days.Conclusion:Sleep-wake behavior in fencers is influenced by sport level and training schedule,and sleep rhythm disruption exists in fencers.

关 键 词：击剑运动员 可穿戴技术 睡眠—觉醒行为 睡眠补偿 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]