螺丝椒果实表面褶皱的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析  

Mixed genetic analysis of major genes plus multiple genes in pepper fruit surface folds

作　　者：康景涛 黄勉柱 孔维福 张涛 王宇航 王丽娜 张高原 魏兵强 KANG Jingtao;HUANG Mianzhu;KONG Weifu;ZHANG Tao;WANG Yuhang;WANG Lina;ZHANG Gaoyuan;WEI Bingqiang(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2024年第5期1163-1171,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360760);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(21YF5NA091)。

摘　　要：【目的】螺丝椒是我国市场上辣椒的主要消费类型之一,螺丝椒果实表面褶皱的存在不仅增加了外表的层次感,更在一定程度上影响了其生长发育和口感风味。探究螺丝椒果实表面褶皱的遗传规律,为揭示螺丝椒果实表面褶皱相关基因的定位提供依据。【方法】研究以光皮辣椒A68为母本,螺丝椒M18为父本,构建P1、P2、F1和F2四世代遗传群体,通过调查各世代单株对椒果实褶皱率和褶痕数,利用盖钧镒提出的植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析法,分析螺丝椒果实表面褶皱率和褶痕数主基因+多基因的遗传模型,并对遗传效应及遗传参数进行估值计算。【结果】螺丝椒果实表面褶皱率和褶痕数符合数量性状遗传特点,褶皱率和褶痕数两个性状均符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因(MX2-ADI-ADI)模型,果实表面褶皱率的2对主基因加性效应值分别为-0.997 2和-0.498,显性效应值分别为-0.498 7和-0.498 3,加性×加性、加性×显性、显性×加性和显性×显性互作效应值分别为-0.000 2、-0.000 2、0.498 3和0.498 3,主基因遗传率为79.49%。果实表面褶痕数的2对主基因加性效应值分别为-1.249 2和-0.249 9,显性效应值分别为-0.249 9和-0.249 9,加性×加性、加性×显性、显性×加性和显性×显性互作效应值分别为0.249 9、0.249 9、-0.749 4和0.249 2。主基因遗传率为92.29%。结合2对主基因的加性、显性单位点联合效应来看,螺丝椒果实表面褶皱率和褶痕数遗传中主基因的3种效应大小关系为互作效应、显性效应、加性效应。【结论】螺丝椒果实表面褶皱率和褶痕数均受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因控制,螺丝椒果实表面褶皱率主基因遗传率为79.49%,在一定程度上受多个微效基因和环境因素影响,螺丝椒果实表面褶痕数遗传率为92.29%,受环境因素影响较小。[Objective]Screw pepper is one of the main consumption peppers in Chinese market.The wrinkles on the surface of screw pepper fruits not only enhances the layered appearance but also affects its growth and flavor to a certain extent.This study aims to explore the inheritance of wrinkles on the fruit surface of screw peppers,thus laying a foundation for the mapping of genes related to the wrinkles.[Method]In this study,using the Guangpi chili pepper A68 as the female parent and screw pepper M18 as the male parent,a four-generation genetic population(P1,P2,F1,and F2)was established.By investigating the fruit wrinkle rate and wrinkle number of each individual plant in each generation,the genetic model of major genes+polygenes for fruit surface wrinkle rate and wrinkle number in Luosi chili peppers was analyzed using the mixed genetic model analysis method proposed by Gai Junyi.Furthermore,the genetic effects and genetic parameters were estimated and calculated.[Result]The wrinkle rate and the number of wrinkles on the fruit surface of screw peppers conformed with the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits.Both traits fit the model of two pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major genes+additive-dominant-epistatic polygenes(MX2-ADI-ADI).For the wrinkle rate,the additive effect values of the two pairs of major genes were-0.9972 and-0.498,and the dominant effect values-0.4987 and-0.4983.The interaction effect values of additive×additive,additive×dominant,dominant×additive,and dominant×dominant were-0.0002,-0.0002,0.4983,and 0.4983,with a major gene heritability of 79.49%.For the number of wrinkles,the additive effect values of the two pairs of major genes were-1.2492 and-0.2499,and the dominant effect values were-0.2499 and-0.2499.The interaction effect values of additive×additive,additive×dominant,dominant×additive,and dominant×dominant were 0.2499,0.2499,-0.7494,and 0.2492,with a major gene heritability of 92.29%.Considering the combined effects of additive and dominant loci of the two pairs of major g

关 键 词：螺丝椒 果实表面褶皱 主基因+多基因 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]