粤港澳大湾区某镍污染场地空间分布模拟  

Spatial Distribution Simulation of a Nickel Contaminated Site in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

作　　者：王盾 许文卿 王开演 李晓东[3] WANG Dun;XU Wenqing;WANG Kaiyan;LI Xiaodong(Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science,Guangzhou 510045,China;Guangdong Huankeyuan Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510045,China;Institute of Soil and Groundwater Environment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省环境科学研究院,广东广州510045 [2]广东环科院环境科技有限公司,广东广州510045 [3]中国环境科学研究院土壤和地下水环境研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第10期163-170,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42307339)。

摘　　要：文章以粤港澳大湾区某电镀厂场地为研究对象,为探究重金属镍在场地中的分布规律,利用场地地层勘探测绘和土壤检测数据建立三维地层模型和污染分布模型。该研究采用克里格插值法(Kriging)、反距离加权插值法(IDW-Shepard)、改进的反距离加权插值法(IDW-(Franke/Nielson))、邻近点插值法(Nearest Neighbor)和快速径向基函数(Fast Radial Basis Function)5种插值方法预测了场地中镍污染分布特征和污染方量,基于交叉验证法分析获取最优插值方法。结果显示Kriging法的平均绝对误差和均方根误差数值最小,是预测精度最高的空间插值方法。不同土层污染物浓度分布差异明显,污染物迁移性强的砂土层镍污染范围大含量高,黏土和淤泥层对污染物迁移有很好的阻隔作用,Kriging法能较真实地反映场地污染分布特征。污染物空间分布特征与生产活动和地层条件密切相关,选用合适的插值方法构建污染分布模型可为污染场地精细化修复提供参考。To explore the pollution distribution of heavy metal nickel in soil,taking a typical electroplating plant site in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as the object,the three-dimensional stratigraphic model and pollution dis⁃tribution model were established using the site stratigraphic survey and soil testing data.Five interpolation methods including Kriging,IDW-Shepard,IDW-(Franke/Nielson),Nearest Neighbor,and Fast Radial Basis Function,were used to predict the distribution characteristics and pollution volume of nickel in the plant site.The results indicated the Kriging method was the optimal interpolation method with the highest prediction accuracy due to the smallest values of MAE and RMSE.The concen⁃tration distribution of heavy metal nickel in different soil layers was significantly obvious.The sandy soil layer with strong mo⁃bility had a large nickel pollution range and high content,however,the clay and silt layers had a good barrier effect on the mi⁃gration of heavy metal nickel.The Kriging method could more realistically reflect the pollution distribution of heavy metal nickel in the plant site.The spatial distribution of pollutants is closely related to production activities and stratigraphic condi⁃tions.The selection of appropriate interpolation methods to construct pollution distribution models can provide a theoretical basis for the refined remediation of contaminated sites.

关 键 词：土壤污染 三维插值 模型精度评估 重金属 镍 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]