基于DEA的山地烤烟家庭农场生产效率研究  

Study on Production Efficiency of Mountain Flue-cured Tobacco Family Farm Based on DEA

作　　者：赵鹏 李小芳[2] 柯美福 陈昌海 李茜 王玥 丁茂强 杨松 黄明明 ZHAO Peng;LI Xiao-fang;KE Mei-fu(Ankang Tobacco Company of Shaanxi,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000;Ankang Meteorological Bureau in Shaanxi Province,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000)

机构地区：[1]陕西省烟草公司安康市公司,陕西安康725000 [2]安康市气象局,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第21期192-196,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省烟草公司安康市公司科技项目(ZY-2021-05,ZY-2023-03)。

摘　　要：为了明确适宜山区农村现状的烤烟家庭农场生产组织模式,以农场对社会化服务的依赖程度和农场主职能差异为标准,将山地烟区烤烟家庭农场分为4类,分别为模式1(投资管理务工型家庭农场)、模式2(投资管理带工型家庭农场)、模式3(投资管理型家庭农场)、模式4(投资型家庭农场);采用随机调查法进行布点追踪调研,运用DEA(数据包络分析)、描述统计、方差分析等方法对4种模式的经营效益、投入结构、生产效率等进行综合比较。结果表明:山地家庭农场对社会化服务的依赖程度越高,经营纯利润率和生产效率越低。从模式1到模式4,经营纯利润率依次为26.14%、21.29%、14.75%、9.51%,综合技术效率依次为0.78、0.53、0.36、0.21,单位面积经营纯收益依次为18082.82、13570.52、10084.05、4740.42元。利用前沿分析测算出各模式的投入冗余与产出不足,为提高生产效率提供了路径:模式2是山地烟区当前最佳生产组织模式,模式3为未来发展方向;提高山地烤烟农场生产效率的重要措施是与农场职业经理、带工组长建立利益链接机制,与物资供应商签订稳定的供销协议,对普通工人实施分类差异化管理。In order to clarify the production and organization mode of family farm of flue-cured tobacco which is suitable for the present situation of mountainous rural areas,based on the dependence of farms on social services and the differences in the functions of farmers,the family farms of flue-cured tobacco in the mountainous areas of Ankang were divided into four types.They were pattern 1(investment management family farm),pattern 2(investment management family farm),pattern 3(investment management family farm),and pattern 4(investment family farm).The typical investigation method was used to conduct the distribution tracing investigation,DEA,descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were used to compare management efficiency,input structure and production efficiency of the four models.The results showed that:The higher the dependence on social services,the lower the operating net profit margin and production efficiency.From mode 1 to mode 4,the operating net profit margin is 26.14%,21.29%,14.75%,9.51%,and the comprehensive technical efficiency is 0.78,0.53,0.36,0.21,respectively,the net income of unit area is 18082.82,13570.52,10084.05,4740.42 yuan in turn.The input redundancy and output deficiency of each mode are calculated by Frontier Analysis,which provides a path to improve production efficiency.Mode 2 was the best mode of production organization.Mode 3 was the future direction of development.The important measures to improve the production efficiency of flue-cured tobacco farms in mountainous areas were to establish the benefit link mechanism with the professional managers and leaders of the farms,and to sign the stable supply and marketing agreement with the suppliers,carry out classified differentiation management for ordinary workers.

关 键 词：山地 家庭农场 组织模式 DEA 烤烟 

分 类 号：S-9[农业科学]