施肥量对饲用燕麦产量及土壤有机碳库周转影响的研究  

Effects of Fertilization Rate on Forage Oat Yield and Soil Organic Carbon Pool Turnover

作　　者：王静 韩冰[3] 田永雷[1] 包健 慕宗杰 白春利 WANG Jing;HAN Bing;TIAN Yonglei;BAO Jian;MU ZongJie;BAI ChunLi;无(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2024年第9期74-78,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2023LHMS03053);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023YFHH0029);鄂尔多斯市科技重大专项项目(ZD20232312)。

摘　　要：为研究施氮量对土壤碳周转的调控作用,探索在人工草地中提高产量和增效土壤养分的施氮措施,达到减肥控制碳排放的目的,在燕麦种植时,选取4个施氮梯度,收获后测定其产量,将取回的土壤采用控制试验进行培养矿化,通过矿化数据模拟土壤活性和慢性两个碳库的周转,探索饲用燕麦施肥量对土壤有机碳库的影响。结果表明,施氮可增加饲用燕麦产量,促进土壤中有机碳的活化,增加土壤有机碳的累积矿化量。低氮和中氮处理(含氮量范围为75.98~82.32 g·kg^(-1))可以提高饲用燕麦的产量,达到生态降碳的目的。施肥活化了土壤碳库的周转,随着施肥量梯度的增加,活性碳库周转速率加快,低氮和中氮处理促进土壤有机碳形成慢性碳库,降低土壤有机碳的累积矿化量。本研究为人工建植草地的精准施肥提供科学依据,以实现提高生产效益和减少碳排放的目标。综上,适宜的施氮量在增加饲用燕麦产量的同时,可以降低土壤有机碳的累积矿化量。In order to study the regulatory effect of nitrogen application on soil carbon turnover,and to deeply understand how to balance the relationship between nitrogen reduction measures and soil nutrient improvement in the process of artificial grassland cultivation,and to achieve the purpose of reducing carbon emissions.Four nitrogen application gradients were selected during oat planting,and the yield was measured after harvest.After harvest,the soil was taken back to the soil for cultivation and mineralization in the laboratory using a controlled experiment.The turnover of two carbon pools,active and chronic,was simulated by mineralization data to explore the effect of fertilizer application on soil organic carbon pools in forage oat cultivation.The results showed that nitrogen application would promote the activation of organic carbon in the soil and increase the cumulative mineralization of soil organic carbon while increasing the yield of forage oats.Low nitrogen and medium nitrogen treatments(nitrogen content in the range of 75.98~82.32 g·kg^(-1))could achieve the purpose of ecological carbon reduction while increasing the yield of forage oats.Fertilization activated the turnover of soil carbon pools.With the increase of fertilizer application gradient,the turnover rate of active carbon pool increased.Low nitrogen and medium nitrogen treatments promoted the formation of chronic carbon pools in soil organic carbon and reduced the cumulative mineralization of soil organic carbon.This study provides a scientific basis for the precise fertilization of artificial grasslands to achieve the goal of improving production efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.In summary,the appropriate amount of nitrogen application increase the yield of forage oats while reducing the cumulative mineralization of soil organic carbon.

关 键 词：饲用燕麦 施氮梯度 土壤有机碳周转 机制 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]