喜马拉雅多期运动下库车坳陷构造变形响应特征  

Characteristics of structural deformation under Himalayanmulti-periods movements in the Kuqa Depression

作　　者：钟宇 鞠玮[1,2] 张辉[3] 徐珂 黄沛铭 徐浩然 王胜宇 ZHONG Yu;JU Wei;ZHANG Hui;XU Ke;HUANG Peiming;XU Haoran;WANG Shengyu(School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China;Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Reservoir Formation Process,Ministry of Education,China University ofMining and Technology,Xuzhou 221008,Jiangsu,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Korla 841000,Xinjiang,China;The Second Exploration Team of Shandong Provincial Bureau of Coal Geology,Jining 272100,Shangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221008 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]山东省煤田地质局第二勘探队,山东济宁272100

出　　处：《地质通报》2024年第10期1775-1787,共13页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：江苏省基础研究计划(自然科学基金)面上项目《超深层致密砂岩孔裂隙结构温敏性及力学特性响应机理》(编号:BK20201349);中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司项目(编号:041020060026)。

摘　　要：喜马拉雅期构造运动对中国西部地质地貌具有决定性影响,库车坳陷内的构造变形特征对其多期运动存在何种响应尚待解决。在库车坳陷克拉苏构造带地震剖面解译的基础上,采用离散元数值模拟、构造物理模拟等手段,探讨挤压背景下,喜马拉雅期构造活动造成的多期运动、垂向抬升、同构造沉积等因素对库车坳陷克拉苏构造带的构造变形响应特征与变形演化过程。克拉苏构造带对喜马拉雅多期运动的响应主要体现在,控制盐上层滑脱褶皱向前陆方向传播,挤压端褶皱隆升强度变弱;盐下层挤压端前展式叠瓦状逆冲断裂系统的倾角呈规律性变化,靠近挤压端的断裂倾角较大,远离挤压端断裂的倾角较小,但其逆冲的位移量大;同时,同构造沉积控制盐上层滑脱褶皱变形范围,垂向抬升主要控制盐下层叠瓦状逆冲断裂向前陆方向传播范围。构造变形过程研究显示,喜马拉雅多期运动导致克拉苏构造带构造分层的差异变形,盐上层滑脱褶皱变形范围更广,褶皱相关断层更发育,盐下层在发育前展式叠瓦状逆冲断层后会加强反冲构造的形成。研究结果揭示了喜马拉雅多期运动对克拉苏构造带动力学演化过程的影响,深化了对库车坳陷克拉苏构造带构造变形机理和演化过程的认识。The Himalayan movement has a decisive impact on the geology and geomorphology of western China.The response of thestructural deformation characteristics in Kuqa Depression to its multi−periods movement remains unsolved.Based on the interpretationof the seismic section of Kelasu structural belt in Kuqa Depression,by means of discrete element numerical simulation and structuralphysical simulation,this paper discusses the response characteristics and deformation evolution process of the structural deformation ofKelasu structural belt caused by multi−periods movements,vertical uplift and syntectonic sedimentation caused by Himalayanmulti−periods movement under the background of compressive stress.The results show that the response of Kelasu structural belt to multi−periods movements is mainly reflected in controlling the propagation of detachment folds in the upper salt layer in the forelanddirection,and the uplift intensity of folds at the compression end becomes weaker;The dip angle of the pre−spreading imbricate thrustfault system at the extrusion end of the lower salt layer changes regularly.The dip angle of the fault near the extrusion end is large,andthe dip angle away from the extrusion end is small,but its thrust displacement is large.At the same time,syntectonic sedimentationcontrols the deformation range of detachment fold in the upper salt layer,and vertical uplift mainly controls the forward landpropagation range of laminated tile thrust fault under salt.The study of tectonic deformation process shows that the multi−periodsmovement of Himalaya leads to the differential deformation of structural stratification in Kelasu structural belt.The deformation rangeof detachment folds in the upper salt layer is wider,and fold related faults are more developed.After the development of forwardspreading imbricate thrust faults in the lower salt layer,the formation of recoil structures will be strengthened.The results reveal theinfluence of Himalayan multi−periods movement on the dynamic evolution process

关 键 词：喜马拉雅运动 库车坳陷 克拉苏构造带 盐构造 离散元数值模拟 构造物理模拟 

分 类 号：P54[天文地球—构造地质学] P62[天文地球—地质学]